Degradation of Phorbol Esters on the Jatropha curcas Linn. Seed by Biological Detoxification

Abstract

The application of fermentation is one of methods to increase food quality biologically. Availability of Jatropha curcas residual from oil factory be focused as a soybean meal or fish meal replacement. On the other hand, J. curcas residuals possess a toxic compound as well. This study aimed to examine the effect of Aspergillus niger on the nutrition and harmful content of J. curcas as a potential ingredient of feed. In brief, J. curcas residual was fermented with a detoxification method at 3 d, 5 d, and 7 d. Crude protein, fat, and crude fiber content were assessed to discover the biological responses of J. curcas post–fermentation while phorbol ester was evaluated to toxic content post–detoxification. The results showed that crude protein and fat content were highest on 7 d post–fermentation but it was no significant difference (p > 0.05). While crude fiber content showed significant difference which the 3 d fermentation had the highest content of fiber. For phorbol ester content, 3 d fermentation showed a better result than the control group (p < 0.05). The present findings suggest that A. niger is recommendable as starter to reduce fiber and toxic content of J. curcas residual at 3 d fermentation.

Palatability Level of Dried Rice as an Alternative Feed Ingredient to Subtitute Corn and Rice Bran

“…With an average waste of 30 × 10 6 t yr -1 , 40 % organic, Indonesia is one of the highest wastegenerating countries (Hidayat, 2021;Khoiron et al, 2020;Setyobudi et al, 2021a;Tonda et al, 2022). Its government has attempted steps and innovation programs on waste management by issuing Government Regulation No 27/2020 (Asmawati et al, 2021(Asmawati et al, , 2022Handajani et al, 2021;Rudovica et al, 2021;Setyobudi et al, 2019Setyobudi et al, , 2022Valdez-Arjona and Ramírez-Mella, 2019). At the same time, researchers have been persevering to find amiable schemes specifically to relegate organic waste.…”