DEGRADATION OF ERGOTHIONEINE BY CELL-FREE EXTRACTS OF ALCALIGENES FAECALIS

Abstract

Yanasugondha and Appleman (1957) rein nutrient broth (Difco) plus yeast extract and ported that Alcaligenes faecalis is capable of then adapted by incubating overnight in phosadaptively degrading ergothioneine, with the phate buffer containing 1.0 Mlmole ergothioneine production of thiolurocanic acid and trimethylper ml. In a few experiments cells were grown in amine, followed by the disappearance of the a defined medium and then adapted by the same thiolurocanic acid, presumably due to its degra-procedure. dation to unknown products: The phosphate buffer used was a mixture of N(CH8)'.3+ 0.067 M KH2PO4 and 0.067 M Na2HPO4. In the N(CH,)t earlier experiments buffer at pH 7.0 was used. CH-C-CH2-CH-COO-Later, buffer at pH 8.0 was substituted.

Effect of Vegan Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Carnitine‐ and Choline‐Derived Trimethylamine‐N‐Oxide Production and Vascular Inflammation in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome

“…Despite these changes in intestinal microbiota composition, and in contrast to animal work 18,45 and human antibiotic intervention studies, 10 vegan-donor FMT was not able to reduce (both native and d 3 -labeled) TMAO production in metabolic syndrome patients, whereas autologous FMT was associated with increased excretion of d 3 -TMAO. With regard to the latter, the concomitant increase in A faecalis, which is known to generate TMA, 46 may provide some explanation for this intriguing finding. Vegan-donor FMT led to a shift toward vegan-like microbiota composition in some, but not all, recipients.…”

The biology of ergothioneine, an antioxidant nutraceutical

“…There was also quite some variation in uptake between individuals, presumably reflecting variation in their expression of SLC22A4. Agrobacterium radiobacter (403) and other bacteria (404)(405)(406)(407)(408)(409) contain an ergothionase that degrades ERG to thiolurocanic acid (3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)prop-2-enethioic S-acid) and trimethylamine, also implying that such cells possess one or more transporters for ERG. The thiolurocanic acid can be further degraded to glutamate (410) .…”

In Vitro Reconstitution of a Five-Step Pathway for Bacterial Ergothioneine Catabolism

“…Early observations documented ergothioneine degrading activity in several enterobacterial strains. − More recently, the enzyme ergothionase which converts ergothioneine to thiourocanic acid and the enzyme thiourocanate hydratase from Burkholderia sp. HME 13 have been identified, cloned, and characterized. , The crystal structure of ergothionase from Treponema denticola provided first insights into the catalytic mechanism of this enzyme .…”