The biology of ergothioneine, an antioxidant nutraceutical

Borodina, Irina; Kenny, Louise C.; McCarthy, Cathal; Paramasivan, Kalaivani; Pretorius, Etheresia; Roberts, Timothy J.; Hoek, Steven Axel van der; Kell, Douglas B.

doi:10.1017/s0954422419000301

Cited by 132 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 568 publications

(599 reference statements)

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“…A growing body of evidence shows that betaines are important human nutrients that participate in the methionine cycle acting as methyl donors. Compounds belonging to this class, such as glycine betaine, stachydrine, ergothioneine, γ-butyrobetaine (γBB), and δ-valerobetaine (δVB) show protective effects against cardiovascular disease and cancer [3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Effect of Dietary Betaines on SIRT1-Mediated Apoptosis in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cal 27

Mele

Martino

Salzano

et al. 2020

Cancers

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Betaines are food components widely distributed in plants, animals, microorganisms, and dietary sources. Among betaines, δ-valerobetaine (N,N,N-trimethyl-5-aminovaleric acid, δVB) shares a metabolic pathway common to γ-butyrobetaine (γBB). The biological properties of δVB are particularly attractive, as it possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. Here, we investigated the possible synergism between δVB and the structurally related γBB, to date unexplored, by testing the in vitro anticancer activity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines, FaDu, UM-SCC-17A and Cal 27. Among cell lines tested, results indicated that betaines showed the highest effect in reducing Cal 27 cell proliferation up to 72 h (p < 0.01). This effect was enhanced when betaines were administered in combination (δVB plus γBB) (p < 0.001). Inhibition of cell growth by δVB plus γBB involved reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, upregulation of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), and apoptosis (p < 0.001). SIRT1 gene silencing by small interfering RNA decreased the apoptotic effect of δVB plus γBB by modulating downstream procaspase-3 and cyclin B1 (p < 0.05). These findings might have important implications for novel prevention strategies for tongue squamous cell carcinoma by targeting SIRT1 with naturally occurring betaines.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Effect of Dietary Betaines on SIRT1-Mediated Apoptosis in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cal 27

Mele

Martino

Salzano

et al. 2020

Cancers

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“…Only certain fungi and a few other microbes (28) are currently known to be able to produce ERGO. Since mushrooms are the fruiting bodies of fungi, it is not surprising that edible mushrooms are, by far, the leading dietary source of ERGO (29) .…”

Section: Sources Of Ergo In the Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is ergothioneine a ‘longevity vitamin’ limited in the American diet?

et al. 2020

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There is mounting evidence for the potential for the natural dietary antioxidant and anti-inflammatory amino acid l-Ergothioneine (ERGO) to prevent or mitigate chronic diseases of aging. This has led to the suggestion that it could be considered a ‘longevity vitamin.’ ERGO is produced in nature only by certain fungi and a few other microbes. Mushrooms are, by far, the leading dietary source of ERGO, but it is found in small amounts throughout the food chain, most likely due to soil-borne fungi passing it on to plants. Because some common agricultural practices can disrupt beneficial fungus–plant root relationships, ERGO levels in foods grown under those conditions could be compromised. Thus, research is needed to further analyse the role agricultural practices play in the availability of ERGO in the human diet and its potential to improve our long-term health.

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“…Such an approach might limit iron for usage by bacteria like P. gingivalis and directly impact on its virulence. Molecules of interest might be lactoferrin (LF) and ergothioneine [78]. Both are nutraceuticals that can act as iron-mopping agents.…”

Section: Possible Role Of Porphyromonas Gingivalis Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Link between Porphyromonas gingivalis and Amyloidosis in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease.

2020

ijpi

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are the two most common neurological conditions in man. Amyloidosis and neuro-inflammation are central to the pathology of both these diseases. The systemic inflammatory nature of both these conditions and particularly the origin of both the systemic inflammation and neuro-inflammation are becoming most relevant in pursuing effective treatment regimes. In this review, the link between periodontitis and AD and PD is discussed emphasizing the role of amyloidosis. Attention is also drawn to how the keystone bacterium in periodontitis, Porphyromonas gingivalis and its cellular inflammagens e.g. lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and proteases (gingipains), may play a crucial role in driving systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation. Treatment and prophylaxis of AD and PD are also discussed.

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The biology of ergothioneine, an antioxidant nutraceutical

Cited by 132 publications

References 568 publications

Synergistic Effect of Dietary Betaines on SIRT1-Mediated Apoptosis in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cal 27

Synergistic Effect of Dietary Betaines on SIRT1-Mediated Apoptosis in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cal 27

Is ergothioneine a ‘longevity vitamin’ limited in the American diet?

Possible Link between Porphyromonas gingivalis and Amyloidosis in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease.

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