“…The diameter of the working part of the concentrator of the ultrasonic emitter is 15 mm and the depth of immersion in the solution is 10 ± 1 mm. The ultrasonic power emitter unit allows to discretely adjust the power in the range of 8.0–12.5 W. The power of ultrasonic radiation was measured by calorimetric method [33] . Fig.…”
The modification of natural clinoptilolite with silver ions using ultrasound has been investigated in the current work. The modification process was performed using clinoptilolite of different fractions (0–3.0 mm) over the temperature range of 25–55 °C, ultrasonic power range of 8.0–12.5 W and AgNO
3
concentration range of 0.01–0.1 M. The zeolite modification was performed in the presence of sonication and mechanical stirring in separate runs for comparison. Fundamental analysis demonstrated that the use of ultrasound ensures desorption of air from clinoptilolite particles and accelerates the diffusion of Ag
+
ions and subsequent ion exchange. Increasing the particle size of clinoptilolite led to a natural decrease in its sorption capacity. A slight increase in the sorption capacity with an increase in the equivalent particle diameter from 0.081 to 0.35 mm was seen due to changes in the structure of clinoptilolite particles during mechanical grinding. The calculated temperature coefficient of the sorption process of Ag
+
ions as <1.47 means that the modification takes place with dominant control in the intradiffusion region. Increasing the power of ultrasonic irradiation did not provide a monotonous change in the sorption capacity of clinoptilolite. Increasing the concentration of argentum nitrate solution provided an increase in the content of silver ions in clinoptilolite. In general, the advantage of using ultrasonic vibrations to modify the natural clinoptilolite of different fractions with Ag
+
ions was demonstrated in terms of achieving higher sorption capacity, also elucidating the effect of different operating conditions.
“…The diameter of the working part of the concentrator of the ultrasonic emitter is 15 mm and the depth of immersion in the solution is 10 ± 1 mm. The ultrasonic power emitter unit allows to discretely adjust the power in the range of 8.0–12.5 W. The power of ultrasonic radiation was measured by calorimetric method [33] . Fig.…”
The modification of natural clinoptilolite with silver ions using ultrasound has been investigated in the current work. The modification process was performed using clinoptilolite of different fractions (0–3.0 mm) over the temperature range of 25–55 °C, ultrasonic power range of 8.0–12.5 W and AgNO
3
concentration range of 0.01–0.1 M. The zeolite modification was performed in the presence of sonication and mechanical stirring in separate runs for comparison. Fundamental analysis demonstrated that the use of ultrasound ensures desorption of air from clinoptilolite particles and accelerates the diffusion of Ag
+
ions and subsequent ion exchange. Increasing the particle size of clinoptilolite led to a natural decrease in its sorption capacity. A slight increase in the sorption capacity with an increase in the equivalent particle diameter from 0.081 to 0.35 mm was seen due to changes in the structure of clinoptilolite particles during mechanical grinding. The calculated temperature coefficient of the sorption process of Ag
+
ions as <1.47 means that the modification takes place with dominant control in the intradiffusion region. Increasing the power of ultrasonic irradiation did not provide a monotonous change in the sorption capacity of clinoptilolite. Increasing the concentration of argentum nitrate solution provided an increase in the content of silver ions in clinoptilolite. In general, the advantage of using ultrasonic vibrations to modify the natural clinoptilolite of different fractions with Ag
+
ions was demonstrated in terms of achieving higher sorption capacity, also elucidating the effect of different operating conditions.
“…When the bubbles reach a critical size and implode, there is an abrupt release of high heat and pressure. 37 The energy released assists in the interaction between the hydrogen-bond donor (HBD) and the hydrogen-bond accept-or (HBA), leading to the formation of NADES. 9 Taking into account that the ultrasonic probe delivers the energy directly into the sample, it is logical to predict that, by using this method, NADES could be easily obtained.…”
Natural
deep eutectic solvents are a trending topic in Green Chemistry.
These solvents present high solubilization capacity, reusability,
tunable properties, simple preparation, biodegradability, safety,
high availability, and low cost, making them excellent candidates
for analytical applications. In this work, a new family of fluorescent
eutectic systems is described, with the fluorescence property being
unknown and unused so far. For this purpose, a novel preparation method
using an ultrasound probe was employed, by means of an innovative
single-step procedure, that included the preparation of FCH (fructose,
citric acid, and water, 1:1:5 molar ratio) and the extraction/determination
of curcuminoids from Curcuma longa powder. This methodology
was successfully carried out by employing a portable and inexpensive
3D-printed fluorometer and a smartphone. In this way, extraction efficiencies
between 90 and 106%, relative to the NIST reference method, were obtained
in just 3.40 min. Besides, the greenness of the new methodology was
evaluated by employing the AGREE metric, showing that the developed
approach is >2.5 times greener than previously published works
for
curcuminoid determination. This groundbreaking procedure is robust,
versatile, and simple to implement, does not require sophisticated
apparatus or instruments in the detection step, and, mainly, agrees
with Green Analytical Chemistry (GAC) principles.
“…The energy release of cavitation phenomenon and its mechanism are described, and the effectiveness, economy and applicability of hydrodynamic cavitation disinfection are con rmed. Pooja et al (1) studied the degradation of benzene in wastewater by hydrodynamic cavitation in combination with air. Through the experimental study of inlet pressure, thermal conductivity, treatment duration and air ow ratio, the optimal parameter setting that can be used to degrade benzene is obtained.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nowadays, cavitation generation method mainly includes hydrodynamic cavitation (1)(2)(3)(4)(5), ultrasonic cavitation (6)(7)(8)(9) and laser-induced cavitation (10)(11)(12)(13)(14), and its application covers cleaning (15,16), surface treatment (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22), cavitation molding (23,24), environmental protection and renewable (25,26), etc.…”
Cavitation generation methods have been applied in multifarious directions due to their diversity. And scholars have carried out numerous researches and discussions on cavitation generation methods. The purpose of this study is to explore the generating mechanism and evolution law of volumetric alternate cavitation (VAC). In the VAC, the liquid water is placed in an airtight container with variable volume. With the volume alternately changes, the liquid water inside the container continues to cavitate. In this study, the mixture turbulence model and in-cylinder dynamic grid model were used to apply computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of volume alternate cavitation. In the simulation, the cloud images at 7 heights on the central axis are monitored, and the phenomenon and mechanism of height and eccentricity are analyzed detailedly. By using the method of cavitation flow visualization (CFV), the generating mechanism and evolution law of cavitation are clarified. The synergistic effects of experiments and high-speed camera capture confirm the simulation. In the experiment, the volume change stroke of the airtight container is 20 mm, the volume change frequency is 18 Hz, and the shooting frequency of the high-speed camera is set to 10000 fps. The results show that the position of occurring cavitation phenomenon has a reasonable law during the whole evolution cycle of the cavitation cloud. It is evident that a cycle of volume alternation corresponds to the generation, development and collapse stages of cavitation bubbles.
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