Degradation of Artemia lipids under storage

Sasaki, Glenn C.; Capuzzo, Judith M.

doi:10.1016/0305-0491(84)90091-9

Cited by 38 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…"Nonlipid material" (FID-responsive substances remaining at the point of application on the Chromarod) constituted ~5% of total measured lipid weights for inver-tebrate samples. Similar lipid purity in extracts analyzed by TLC-FID was achieved by Sasaki and Capuzzo (1984), who also washed their extracts with NaCl solution. If extracts are not washed, as is common in invertebrate analysis, gravimetric results may be biased upward (Barnes and Blackstock 1973) and high levels of nonlipid material may be observed in TLC-FID analyses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 56%

“…However, for oligochaete samples, having levels of < 20 pg total lipids per TLC-FID injection, TLC-FID measurements were generally lower than gravimetric results. A comparison of TLC-FID to gravimetric results on Artemia extracts gave a ratio of 0.88 (Sasaki and Capuzzo 1984).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Thin layer chromatography on silica-coated quartz rods (Chromarods) has recently been combined with flame ionization detection (TLC-FID) to separate and quantify lipid classes in small samples (Ackman 1980). This technique has been applied to the measurement of wax esters, triglycerides, and phosopholipids in marine copepods (Hakanson 1984) and to several lipid classes in Artemia (Sasaki and Capuzzo 1984). Like other gravimetric and Chromatographic methods, TLC-FID requires the concentration of extracted lipids into a small volume of solvent for efficient sample application and analysis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Micromethod for lipids in aquatic invertebrates1

Gardner

Frez

Cichocki

et al. 1985

Limnology & Oceanography

154

103

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Microtechniques with disposable, calibrated, capillary pipets were developed to measure amounts and classes of lipids in individual Lake Michigan benthic invertebrates. After lipids from an animal were partitioned into 100 µl of extraction solvent and purified, measured portions were weighed with an electrobalance. Lipids in some samples were also characterized by thin layer chromatography with flame ionization detection (TLC‐FID). The extraction method was calibrated gravimetrically with cod liver oil and evaluated with a dry, ground fish sample. Lipid content was proportional (r = 0.99) to fish tissue dry weight over the range of 0.3–13 mg. TLC‐FID measurements correlated well (r = 0.98) with gravimetric analysis for portions of extracts of individual amphipods (Pontoporeia hoyi) and oligochaetes (Stylodrilus heringianus). TLC‐FID analysis indicated that <5% of the measured gravimetric weights was due to the inclusion of nonlipid material in the extracts.

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confidence: 56%

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confidence: 98%

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confidence: 99%

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Micromethod for lipids in aquatic invertebrates1

Gardner

Frez

Cichocki

et al. 1985

Limnology & Oceanography

154

103

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show abstract

“…These lipids usually comprise less than 3 to 4% of the total lipids examined (Lee et al 1971b, Sargent & FalkPetersen 1988, Ohman 1996, Schnack-Schiel et al 2008). This discrepancy also may be attributed to the length-measuring step, where copepods were briefly thawed, and it is likely that lipases became active and broke down the other lipid components (particularly phospholipids) into FFAs (Sasaki & Capuzzo 1984, Ohman 1996. It is unlikely though that such degradation would have preferentially mobilized specific fatty acids, and therefore the reported fatty acid relative abundances should be representative of initial conditions prior to any degradation (Sasaki & Capuzzo 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This discrepancy also may be attributed to the length-measuring step, where copepods were briefly thawed, and it is likely that lipases became active and broke down the other lipid components (particularly phospholipids) into FFAs (Sasaki & Capuzzo 1984, Ohman 1996. It is unlikely though that such degradation would have preferentially mobilized specific fatty acids, and therefore the reported fatty acid relative abundances should be representative of initial conditions prior to any degradation (Sasaki & Capuzzo 1984). As with the lipid leakage, this problem would be remedied by pre-measuring the copepods before they were initially frozen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid composition of tropical and subtropical copepod species of the genus Rhincalanus (Copepoda: Eucalanidae): a novel fatty acid and alcohol signature

Cass¹,

Wakeham²,

Daly³

2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Quality‐assurance study of marine lipid‐class determination using chromarod/iatroscan® thin‐layer chromatography‐flame ionization detector

Bergen

Quinn

Parrish

2000

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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An Iatroscan® thin‐layer chromatography–flame ionization detector has been utilized to quantify lipid classes in marine samples. This method was evaluated relative to established quality‐assurance (QA) procedures used for the gas chromatographic analysis of PCBs. A method for extracting and analyzing eight major lipid classes in the ribbed mussel (Guekensia demissus) was developed. The analytical method met the QA criteria prescribed for consistent external calibrations, low blanks, complete extraction of all lipid classes, and precise replicate analysis. Matrix and blank spikes were satisfactorily recovered (50‐130%), provided that the samples contained a large enough mass (>4% dry weight) of total lipids to overcome the absorption of polar lipids on glassware. The use of frozen mussel homogenate as a standard reference material was not possible because of lipid degradation, particularly of triacylglycerols and phospholipids. Also, total lipids measured gravimetrically significantly decreased in frozen samples, which could influence bioaccumulation predictions. A laboratory intercalibration was performed using a mussel homogenate and chloroform extract, which verified the accuracy of the method and the lipid‐class identification. Characterizing the structure of one class of polar lipids, the acetone mobile polar lipid (AMPL), showed that it contained no ester linkages or free/sterically unhindered ‐OH groups; however, the AMPL did contain an ether linkage.

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Degradation of Artemia lipids under storage

Cited by 38 publications

References 21 publications

Micromethod for lipids in aquatic invertebrates1

Micromethod for lipids in aquatic invertebrates1

Lipid composition of tropical and subtropical copepod species of the genus Rhincalanus (Copepoda: Eucalanidae): a novel fatty acid and alcohol signature

Quality‐assurance study of marine lipid‐class determination using chromarod/iatroscan® thin‐layer chromatography‐flame ionization detector

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