“…Furthermore, N-and O-mediated reversible active sites and accessible fast electron and ion transport channels endow the stackable OCN free-standing films electrodes with fast and high energy storage performances beyond weight limitations of conventional electrode fabrication to a commercial level. or radicals groups grafted on polymer backbones or covalent organic frameworks or coupled with conductive carbon nanostructures, e.g., quinone, 28,29 anthraquinone-2-sulfonate, 30 2,6-diaminoanthraquinone, 31 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone, 32 9, 10-phenanthrenequinone, 33 carbonyl, 34,35 oligoanilines, [36][37][38] pyridine, 39 pyrene, 40 TEMPO, 41 and (tBu 2 MeSi) 3 EC [E = Si, Ge, and Sn]; 42 (3) redox active electrolytes, e.g., TEMPO molecules, 43 viologen, 44 hydroquinone (HQ), 45,46 and TEMPO grafted polymers or ionic liquids; [47][48][49][50] (4) heteroatom-enriched carbons (HECs), e.g., nitrogen, [51][52][53] oxygen, [54][55][56] boron, [57][58][59] sulfur, 60,61 fluorine, 62 and phosphorus 63,64 (doped or co-doped). Although these emerging charged organic molecules as active centers present an excellent approach to increase the pseudocapacitance by a multi-electron faradic process, the capacitance retentions after long charge/ discharge cycles still face a challenge due to the degradation of charged organic molecules leading to irreversi...…”