Degradation

Billingham, N.C.

doi:10.1002/0471440264.pst093

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 153 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is a common technique to evaluate the thermal stability of various polymers giving information on weight loss, but no chemical information [17,18]. In our work, the thermal decomposition profiles of the pure components (additives, pure polymers) and of the FR-containing compounds were examined at a heating rate of 10 °C min −1 under air and nitrogen atmospheres, and the relevant data correlated with the flammability properties (UL94 V results).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Compounds. Thermal Decomposition and Flammability Behavior for Alternative Polyethylene Grades

et al. 2019

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The effect of six halogen-free flame retardant (FR) formulations was investigated on the thermal stability of two low-density polyethylenes (LDPE) and one linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) under nitrogen and air atmosphere. The relative data were combined with flammability properties and the overall performance of the FRs was correlated with the type of branching in the polyethylene grades and to their processing behavior. The thermal degradation kinetics was further determined based on the Kissinger and Coats-Redfern methods. In terms of flammability, the addition of a triazine derivative and ammonium polyphosphate at a loading of 35 wt. %. was found to be the most efficient, leading to UL 94 V0 ranking in the case of the LDPE grade produced in an autoclave reactor.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Compounds. Thermal Decomposition and Flammability Behavior for Alternative Polyethylene Grades

et al. 2019

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“…Many methods using different approaches (model-fitting and model-free iso-conversional) have been proposed to determine kinetic parameters ( A and E ) based on one or multiple heating rates of both isothermal and nonisothermal TGA data using eqs and . These methods attempt to solve the equations using (a) integration, (b) differentiation, or (c) approximation. − In the literature two approaches were usually applied for the determination of the kinetic parameters. The model-fitting approach was criticized by several researches because of its unreliable kinetic parameters results.…”

Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and Kinetic Performance of Water Desorption for N₂ Adsorption in Li-LSX Zeolite

et al. 2014

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The effect of small amounts of water in inhibiting the adsorption of N2 gas on different cationic forms of LSX zeolite was investigated using thermogravimetric and derivative thermogravimetry (TG-DTG) techniques at different heating rates, which is shown to be a very effective way of studying the influence of strongly adsorbed water on adsorption of less-strongly adsorbed N2 molecules. According to DTG profiles, the apparent activation energies (E) relating to the thermal desorption of water molecules existing in the skeleton of Na- and Li-LSX zeolites were estimated through both the Kissinger and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa methods. The E values calculated from these two equations were in close agreement, and the thermal dehydration mechanism was further studied on the basis of the Coats–Redfern method. Moreover, the observations for the exponential declination of N2 adsorption amount with the loading of water revealed that the adsorption capacity of cationic zeolites was significantly influenced by water through reducing heterogeneity and strength of the electric field. More specifically, the E value at high temperature was higher than that at low temperature, implying that at high temperature, decomposition of bonded water belongs to dynamic-based control, whereas the dehydration process of physisorbed water belongs to diffusion-based control at low temperature.

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Analysis of polycarbonate degradation at melt/FeCr-alloy interfaces as a function of the alloy composition by means of combinatorial thin film chemistry

Theile-Rasche,

Meng,

de los Arcos

et al. 2023

SN Appl. Sci.

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Interfacial reactions at the polycarbonate (PC)/FeCr-alloy interface during melt contact were studied as function of the Fe:Cr ratio within the alloy. Thin Fe/Cr films with lateral composition gradients were deposited by magnetron sputtering; the analysis of the films was done with microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The local interfacial polymeric film formation could be therefore directly correlated with the Fe:Cr ratio. The local thickness and structure of the formed polycarbonate residue was analyzed by means of imaging ellipsometry, atomic force microscopy as well as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy under grazing incidence and XPS. Moreover, confocal fluorescence microscopy of the PC melt/alloy interface could reveal the formation of minor degradation products in the interphase region. The results show that already an Fe:Cr ratio of 2 : 1 leads to a strong inhibition of the thermal degradation in comparison to the unalloyed iron, and that in general, the enrichment of chromium in the passive film leads to an effective suppression of interfacial PC degradation. The data contributes to improving the mechanistic understanding of the role of iron during this process. Additionally, a critical concentration of chromium in the alloys used for PC processing can be deduced.

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Degradation

Abstract: a lc: liquid monomer with solid polymer; ls: liquid monomer with dissolved polymer; gc: gaseous monomer with solid polymer.

Cited by 6 publications

References 153 publications

Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Compounds. Thermal Decomposition and Flammability Behavior for Alternative Polyethylene Grades

Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Compounds. Thermal Decomposition and Flammability Behavior for Alternative Polyethylene Grades

Thermal and Kinetic Performance of Water Desorption for N₂ Adsorption in Li-LSX Zeolite

Analysis of polycarbonate degradation at melt/FeCr-alloy interfaces as a function of the alloy composition by means of combinatorial thin film chemistry

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Degradation

Abstract: a lc: liquid monomer with solid polymer; ls: liquid monomer with dissolved polymer; gc: gaseous monomer with solid polymer.

Cited by 6 publications

References 153 publications

Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Compounds. Thermal Decomposition and Flammability Behavior for Alternative Polyethylene Grades

Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Compounds. Thermal Decomposition and Flammability Behavior for Alternative Polyethylene Grades

Thermal and Kinetic Performance of Water Desorption for N2 Adsorption in Li-LSX Zeolite

Analysis of polycarbonate degradation at melt/FeCr-alloy interfaces as a function of the alloy composition by means of combinatorial thin film chemistry

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Thermal and Kinetic Performance of Water Desorption for N₂ Adsorption in Li-LSX Zeolite