Degassing behavior of noble gases from groundwater during groundwater sampling

Nakata, Kotaro; Hasegawa, Takuma; Solomon, D. Kip; Miyakawa, Kazuya; Tomioka, Yuichi; Ohta, Tomoko; Matsumoto, Takuya; Hama, Katsuhiro; Iwatsuki, Teruki; Ono, Michiyuki; Marui, Atsunao

doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2019.03.007

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The noble gas isotope analyses of the thermal water samples from the deep Upper Jurassic reservoir in this study were partially affected by varying high amounts of the dissolved gases (e.g., CH 4 , CO 2 , N 2 , H 2 S), and probably partial degassing during uplift at sampling temperature [71,82,[131][132][133][134][135]. Equilibration of noble gases dissolved in water with the non-atmospheric gas phases of CH 4 and H 2 S could have induced undersaturation of the atmospheric signatures [82].…”

Section: Calculation Of Apparent Water Ages By Radiogenic Noble Gas Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 76%

Hydrochemical Zoning and Chemical Evolution of the Deep Upper Jurassic Thermal Groundwater Reservoir Using Water Chemical and Environmental Isotope Data

Heine

Zoßeder

Einsiedl

2021

Water

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A comprehensive hydrogeological understanding of the deep Upper Jurassic carbonate aquifer, which represents an important geothermal reservoir in the South German Molasse Basin (SGMB), is crucial for improved and sustainable groundwater resource management. Water chemical data and environmental isotope analyses of δD, δ18O and 87Sr/86Sr were obtained from groundwater of 24 deep Upper Jurassic geothermal wells and coupled with a few analyses of noble gases (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar) and noble gas infiltration temperatures. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed three major water types and allowed a hydrochemical zoning of the SGMB, while exploratory factor analyses identified the hydrogeological processes affecting the water chemical composition of the thermal water. Water types 1 and 2 are of Na-[Ca]-HCO3-Cl type, lowly mineralised and have been recharged under meteoric cold climate conditions. Both water types show 87Sr/86Sr signatures, stable water isotopes values and calculated apparent mean residence times, which suggest minor water-rock interaction within a hydraulically active flow system of the Northeastern and Southeastern Central Molasse Basin. This thermal groundwater have been most likely subglacially recharged in the south of the SGMB in close proximity to the Bavarian Alps with a delineated northwards flow direction. Highly mineralised groundwater of water type 3 (Na-Cl-HCO3 and Na-Cl) occurs in the Eastern Central Molasse Basin. In contrast to water types 1 and 2, this water type shows substantial water-rock interaction with terrestrial sediments and increasing 40Ar/36Ar ratios, which may also imply a hydraulic exchange with fossil formation waters of overlying Tertiary sediments.

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Section: Calculation Of Apparent Water Ages By Radiogenic Noble Gas Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 76%

Hydrochemical Zoning and Chemical Evolution of the Deep Upper Jurassic Thermal Groundwater Reservoir Using Water Chemical and Environmental Isotope Data

Heine

Zoßeder

Einsiedl

2021

Water

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“…For noble gas analysis, groundwater samples were collected in copper tubes mounted in aluminum racks, which were hermetically sealed with stainless steel clamps (Beyerle et al., 2000). Degassing or fractionation processes were minimized by taking uncooled and pressure‐controlled samples at operational pressure in the geothermal plants (Nakata et al., 2019). The samples were stored at 4°C until the noble gas isotopes were analyzed using an MM5400 mass spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific) at the Institute of Environmental Physics, Heidelberg University.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction of the Pleistocene Paleoclimate From Deep Groundwater in Southern Germany From Noble Gas Temperatures Linked With Organic Radiocarbon Dating

Winter,

Aeschbach,

Einsiedl

2024

Water Resources Research

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This study presents a 25 ka reconstruction of the Pleistocene paleoclimate in the South German Molasse Basin. Deep groundwater was sampled at 19 wells in the Upper Jurassic aquifer (UJA). Calculating gas temperatures (NGT) using the UA model with the noble gases Ar, Kr, and Xe led to groundwater recharge temperatures between 0.4 and 4.7°C. Combined with innovative 14CDOC groundwater dating, calculated NGTs revealed up to 8°C cooler soil temperatures during the Pleistocene compared with modern soil temperature. This interpretation agrees well with the observed depleted stable water isotope signature ranging from −83.3 to −86.1 for δ2H and from −10.66 to −11.77 for δ18O, which is characteristic of groundwater of Pleistocene origin in Southern Germany. The temperature differences (∆T) agree remarkably well with calculated NGTs within other European basins (∆T 6–9.5°C) and suggest widespread pronounced terrestrial cooling during the Last Glacial Maximum through the interior of the European continent.

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“…To check for degassing, the modeled solubility concentration of dissolved Ne was compared to the measured Ne of the sample using the relationship:

{\increment}\text{Ne}=\frac{{\text{Ne}}_{\text{meas}}}{{\text{Ne}}_{\text{sol}}}-1

where Ne meas is the measured concentration of Ne and Ne sol is the Ne solubility equilibrium concentration. Positive ∆Ne is an indicator of excess air while negative ∆Ne is an indicator of degassing in the groundwater sample (Kipfer et al., 2002; Nakata et al., 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Positive ∆Ne is an indicator of excess air while negative ∆Ne is an indicator of degassing in the groundwater sample (Kipfer et al, 2002;Nakata et al, 2019).…”

Section: Groundwater Apparent Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Variation in Transit Time Distributions of Groundwater Discharge to a Stream Overlying the Northern High Plains Aquifer, Nebraska, USA

Humphrey,

Solomon,

Gilmore

et al. 2024

Water Resources Research

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Groundwater transit time distributions (TTDs) describe the spectrum of flow‐weighted apparent ages of groundwater from aquifer recharge to discharge. Regional‐scale TTDs in stream baseflow are often estimated from numerical models with limited calibration from groundwater sampling and suggest much younger groundwater discharge than has been observed by discrete age‐dating techniques. We investigate both local and regional‐scale groundwater TTDs in the Upper Middle Loup watershed (5,440 km2) overlying the High Plains Aquifer in the Nebraska Sand Hills, USA. We determined flow‐weighted apparent ages of groundwater discharging through the streambed at 88 discrete points along a 99 km groundwater‐dominated stream segment using 3H, noble gases, 14C, and groundwater flux measurements at the point‐scale (<7.6 cm diameter). Points were organized in transects across the stream width (3–10 points per transect) and transects were clustered in five sampling areas (10–610 m in stream length) located at increasing distances along the stream. Groundwater apparent ages ranged from 0 to 8,200 years and the mean groundwater transit time along the 99 km stream is >3,000 years. TTDs from upstream sampling areas were best fit by distributions with a narrow range of apparent ages, but when older groundwater from downstream sampling areas is included, the regional TTD is scale dependent and the distribution is better described by a gamma model (α ≈ 0.4) which accommodates large fractions of millennial‐aged groundwater. Observations indicate: (a) TTDs can exhibit spatial variability within a watershed and (b) watersheds can discharge larger fractions of old groundwater (>1,000 years) than commonly assumed.

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Degassing behavior of noble gases from groundwater during groundwater sampling

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Hydrochemical Zoning and Chemical Evolution of the Deep Upper Jurassic Thermal Groundwater Reservoir Using Water Chemical and Environmental Isotope Data

Hydrochemical Zoning and Chemical Evolution of the Deep Upper Jurassic Thermal Groundwater Reservoir Using Water Chemical and Environmental Isotope Data

Reconstruction of the Pleistocene Paleoclimate From Deep Groundwater in Southern Germany From Noble Gas Temperatures Linked With Organic Radiocarbon Dating

Spatial Variation in Transit Time Distributions of Groundwater Discharge to a Stream Overlying the Northern High Plains Aquifer, Nebraska, USA

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