Abstract:This paper describes a study of the strength and failure properties of a range of polymer bonded explosives (PBXS). These are composite systems in which small (typically micrometre up to millimetre-sized) explosive crystals are bonded by a polymer (typically 2–10% (by mass)). In PBXS it is important to optimise the mechanical properties, while maintaining a low sensitiveness (i. e. the material is safe to manufacture, store and handle) and high explosiveness (i. e. reacts powerfully to a prescribed stimulus). … Show more
“…Careful examination can see that deformed twinning occurred on the single particle surface. It's known that twinning allows particles to accommodate large strains without fracture, but fractures can develop through the particles with increasing of the external force, it is considered that the twin is forming a step at the surface that acts as a stress concentrator [30]. Real time microscopic examination reveals that different forms of failure including interfacial debonding and particle fracture can be observed.…”
Section: Microstructure Measurementmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The mechanical properties of PBX subjected to a range of conditions are important criteria to determine a safe working life. The study on the mechanical properties and the failure mechanisms of PBX has drawn much attention in recent years [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Low strengths and safety concerns bring additional difficulties in preparing samples and conducting mechanical tests of PBX.…”
“…Careful examination can see that deformed twinning occurred on the single particle surface. It's known that twinning allows particles to accommodate large strains without fracture, but fractures can develop through the particles with increasing of the external force, it is considered that the twin is forming a step at the surface that acts as a stress concentrator [30]. Real time microscopic examination reveals that different forms of failure including interfacial debonding and particle fracture can be observed.…”
Section: Microstructure Measurementmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The mechanical properties of PBX subjected to a range of conditions are important criteria to determine a safe working life. The study on the mechanical properties and the failure mechanisms of PBX has drawn much attention in recent years [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Low strengths and safety concerns bring additional difficulties in preparing samples and conducting mechanical tests of PBX.…”
“…A significant number of previous studies have probed the constitutive response of a wide variety of plastic-bonded explosives (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Beginning with the high-rate Hopkinson split-bar studies of Hoge( 1) on a range of PBX's and continuing with the highstrain rate work of Field (3,5), Palmer(6), and…”
“…BDNPA/F (a plasticizer made up of equal parts of bis(2,2-dinitropropyl)acetal (BDNPA) and bis(2,2-dinitropropyl)formal (BDNPF)). There are many different kinds of Estane (a polyurethane thermoplastic) produced by B. F. Goodrich, and different authors report two kinds that have been used in the production of PBX-9501 (Palmer et al 1993;Cady et al 2000;Cooper 1996). For example, in Los Alamos Explosive Property Data (1980), it is reported that Estane 5703 is used in PBX-9501 and that "Above 50°C, the polyester polyurethane Estane depolymerizes, so its strength decreases with time."…”
Section: Binder Behavior During Pre-ignitionmentioning
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