Deformation of overburden soil induced by thrust fault slip

Lin, Min; Chung, Chun-Fu; Jeng, Fu‐Shu

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2006.08.004

Cited by 79 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The temporal analysis of fault growth history ( Mechanical properties of the ruptured materials strongly influence strain localization and amount of slip at surface, as observed following large earthquakes (Tchalenko & Ambraseys, 1970;Irvine & Hill, 1993;Lazarte et al, 1994;Johnson et al, 1997;Bray & Kelson, 2006;Fletcher et al, 2014;Teran et al, 2015;Floyd et al, 2016;Livio et al, 2016) or resulting from numerical and analogue modeling (Cole & Lade, 1984;Bray et al, 1994;Johnson & Johnson, 2002a;Cardozo et al, 2003;Moss et al, 2018). In particular, fault propagation rate is dependent on axial strain failure of soils (Bray et al, 1994), Young's modulus and dilation angle (Lin et al, 2006) or on viscosity coefficient, if material is approximated according to a viscous folding theory (Johnson & Johnson, 2002a). Overburden thickness, as well, strongly influences fault zone width and fabric at surface, resulting in different amount of slip on single fault strands (Tchalenko, 1970;Horsfield, 1977;Bray et al, 1994;Schlische et al, 2002;Quigley et al, 2012;Zinke et al, 2014;Teran et al, 2015;Floyd et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussion: the Influence Of Lithology On Fault Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable fault tip propagation rates affected by near-surface lithology and implications for fault displacement hazard assessment

Livio

Ferrario

Frigerio

et al. 2020

Journal of Structural Geology

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The fabric of reverse fault zones at surface is usually partitioned in between a narrow discrete rupture zone and a more distributed one, where folding is predominant. This makes quite challenging the adoption of proper setbacks in surface rupture hazard studies for critical facilities or microzoning. Some of the parameters controlling fault zone fabric are related to mechanics of nearsurface geology, (lithology, overburden thickness, cohesion and water content) whose interaction is complex an only partially understood. Nevertheless, these can be hardly measured or derived. Kinematic models, conversely, express such an interaction of complex variables as simple synthetic parameters, such as the amount of upward propagation of the fault tip for unit of slip, usually referred to as the P/S ratio (Propagation on Slip). Here, we discuss results on the trishear kinematic inverse modelling of a decametricscale, contractional fault propagation fold at Monte Netto Hill (Capriano del Colle, N. Italy), observing a two-stage fault and fold growth evolution, marked by a significant shift in the P/S parameter. At this site, exceptional sequence of exposures due to ca. 10 years of quarry excavations allowed to obtain a series of cross-sections across the fault zone. We use this detailed, high-resolution, example as a natural "analog" for more general, large-scale surface ruptures involving a thick alluvial cover, a very common setting for siting of critical facilities. During the early stage of displacement, the fault cut through clast-supported fluvial gravels with a high propagation rate (P/S = 7) and a discrete rupture width. Then, during the latest movements of the thrust, fault tip propagation slowed down to P/S ≈ 2.9, as the fault started cutting through several stacked bodies of pedogenized aeolian silts and overbank deposits causing a pronounced folding of the layers over a wider deformation zone. These results strongly suggest that lithological changes in the underlying stratigraphy, common in an alluvial plain depositional setting, would significantly affect the potential for surface faulting across the same tectonic structure, with relevant implications in the fault displacement hazard assessment.

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Section: Discussion: the Influence Of Lithology On Fault Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable fault tip propagation rates affected by near-surface lithology and implications for fault displacement hazard assessment

Livio

Ferrario

Frigerio

et al. 2020

Journal of Structural Geology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Numerous field studies [5,8], physical modeling [5,[9][10][11][12][13] and numerical simulations [2,9,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18] have shed light on different aspects of this phenomenon. Louderback [19] was the first who observed effects of active fault displacement in the underlying bedrock on earth dams.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-dimensional numerical modeling of fault rupture propagation through earth dams under steady state seepage

Zanjani

Soroush

Khoshini

2016

Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering

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“…Scale model tests and centrifuge tests have been conducted using sand and clay samples (Bray et al, 1994a;Guo et al, 2001;Johansson and Konagai, 2007;Lin et al, 2006;Liu and Hamada, 2004;Roth et al, 1981). Propagations and geometric characteristics of ruptures have been identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on normal fault rupture propagation in loose strata and its impact on mountain tunnels

Liu

Sang

et al. 2015

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

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Deformation of overburden soil induced by thrust fault slip

Cited by 79 publications

References 32 publications

Variable fault tip propagation rates affected by near-surface lithology and implications for fault displacement hazard assessment

Variable fault tip propagation rates affected by near-surface lithology and implications for fault displacement hazard assessment

Two-dimensional numerical modeling of fault rupture propagation through earth dams under steady state seepage

Experimental study on normal fault rupture propagation in loose strata and its impact on mountain tunnels

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