Leather is a common processing material with poor rigidity in shoe manufacturing, there is easy to generate tensile or compress deformation, so reducing the processing quality. Considering the reasons of leather processing deformation, there are flexible material variety, different material thickness and complicated processing path. The article discussing the various impact factors of leather cutting deformation, combined with the theory and method of processing decision knowledge acquisition, processing knowledge management, and closed-loop compensation control, to propose a deformation compensation method of leather cutting based on knowledge management. Thought the real-time processing path compensation control, to correcting the tool trajectory in process, improving the accuracy and reliability of leather cutting.