Definitions and Pathophysiology of Sepsis

Sagy, Mayer; Al-Qaqaa, Yasir; Kim, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.cppeds.2013.10.001

Cited by 82 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The inflammatory response in sepsis is characterized by excess production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, primarily TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, such that production of anti-inflammatory mediators is not adequately counterbalanced, mainly in the initial phase (Sagy et al, 2013). This imbalance in cytokine production causes endothelial lesions, pulmonary edema and hemorrhage, and may evolve to terminal complications associated with sepsis (MODS) (Zhou et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein from Hevea brasiliensis “Hev b 13” latex attenuates systemic inflammatory response and lung lesions in rats with sepsis

et al. 2017

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Sepsis induces a severe systemic inflammatory response that may result in multiple organ dysfunction and death. Studies using a protein derived from natural Hevea brasiliensis (rubber tree) latex, denominated Hev b 13, have demonstrated important anti-inflammatory effects, but no data have been published regarding its effects on sepsis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Hev b 13 on the inflammatory response and lung lesions of septal rats. Male Wistar rats were submitted to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), randomized into groups and treated with subcutaneously administered doses of 0.5/2.0/3.0 mg/Kg of Hev b 13. Next, animals were subdivided into three different points in time (1, 6 and 24 hours after treatments) for collection of blood samples and euthanasia accompanied by organ removal. Total and differential leukocyte counts, cytokine dosage and histological assessment were analyzed. Treatment with Hev b 13 resulted in a significant decline in total and differential leukocytes as well as suppression of TNF-α and IL-6 production, associated with the increase in IL-10 and IL-4 in plasma and lung tissue. Moreover, it reduced morphological and pathological changes found in the lungs, including neutrophil infiltration, edema and alveolar thickening. The present study concluded that Hev b 13 exerts anti-inflammatory effects and attenuates lung lesions in septal rats, showing potential for clinical application.Keywords: Hev b 13, Hevea brasiliensis, inflammatory response, sepsis. Proteína do latex de Hevea brasiliensis "Hev b 13" atenua resposta inflamatória sistêmica e lesão pulmonar de ratos com sepse ResumoSepse induz uma resposta inflamatória sistêmica grave podendo resultar em disfunção de múltiplos órgãos e morte. Pesquisas utilizando uma proteína derivada do látex natural de Hevea brasiliensis (seringueira), denominada Hev b 13 tem demonstrado importantes efeitos anti-inflamatórios, mas nenhum dado foi publicado dos seus efeitos na sepse. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos da Hev b 13 na resposta inflamatória e na lesão pulmonar de ratos com sepse. Ratos machos da linhagem Wistar foram submetidos a ligação e perfuração do ceco (LPC), randomizados em grupos e tratados com as doses 0,5/2,0/3,0 mg/Kg de Hev b 13 subcutâneo. Após subdividiu-se os animais em três pontos diferentes de tempo (1, 6 e 24 horas após os tratamentos) para coleta de amostras sanguíneas e eutanásia com remoção dos órgãos. Contagem total e diferencial de leucócitos, dosagem de citocinas e avaliação histológica foram analisadas. O tratamento com a Hev b 13 resultou em diminuição significativa de leucócitos totais e diferenciais bem como suprimiu a produção de TNF-α e IL-6, associado ao aumento de IL-10 e IL-4 no plasma e tecido pulmonar.Araújo, L.A. et al.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein from Hevea brasiliensis “Hev b 13” latex attenuates systemic inflammatory response and lung lesions in rats with sepsis

et al. 2017

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“…Compromised cardiac contractile function has been reported in patients with sepsis [1]. LPS, the major component of the bacterial outer membrane, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiac anomalies in sepsis [13,14].…”

Section: Furthermore Esmolol Infusion Inhibited the Lps-enhanced Actmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sepsis, as a systemic response to infection, results in significant physiologic derangements, leads to multiple organ dysfunction and death, and places a substantial financial burden on the health care system [1]. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as an endotoxin, one of the important inflammatory mediators in major surgical injury, is a component of the outer membrane of most gram-negative bacteria, and plays a central role in sepsis [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infusion of esmolol attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced myocardial dysfunction

Wang

Nie

et al. 2016

Journal of Surgical Research

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“…Toksinler dolaşıma karıştığı zaman makrofajları etkinleştirerek MAPK ve NF-κB aracılıklı interlökin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8 ve tümor nekrozlaştırıcı faktör-α (TNF-α) gibi birçok enflamatuvar sitokin salıverilmesine yol açmaktadır. Ayrıca ekzotoksinler; T-lenfositleri gibi efektör hücreleri etkinleştirerek indükle-nebilir nitrik oksit sentaz (iNOS) uyarılmasıyla nitrik oksit (NO) oluşumuna neden olan IL-2 ve IFN-γ gibi proenflamatuvar mediyatörlerin üretimini artırmaktadır (25)(26)(27). Bunun dışında septik şokta platelet aktive edici faktör (plateletactivating factor; PAF), tromboksan (Tx) A 2 , prostaglandin (PG) E 2 , lökotrienler, makrofaj enflamatuvar protein-1, siklooksijenaz (COX)-2, haberci ribonükleik asit (messenger ribonucleic acid; mRNA) ve ET-1 düzeylerinin artmış olduğu bulunmuştur (27)(28)(29).…”

Section: Toll-interleukin 1 Receptor Domain-containing Adapter-induciunclassified

The role of endothelin-1 and new therapeutic approaches in sepsis and septic shock

Guden¹,

Temiz²,

Tunçtan³

et al. 2015

MUSBED

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Sepsis ve septik şok patojenezinde endotelin-1'in rolü ve tedavide yeni yaklaşımlar Vücuda giren patojene karşı gelişen sistemik enflamatuvar yanıt olarak adlandırılan sepsis, septik şok, çoklu organ yetmezliği ve ölümle sonuçlanabilmektedir. Sistemik enflamatuvar yanıtı tetikleyebilen artmış proenflamatuvar sitokin düzeyleriyle birlikte kemokinler, koagülasyon ve kompleman sistemleri ile vazoaktif aminler de sepsis patojenezinde yer almaktadır. Endotelin (ET)-1, 1988 yılında vazoaktif amin olarak damar endotelinden izole edilmiş olup 21 zincirli amino asit zincirine sahip bir peptitdir. (ET)-1'in sepsis ve septik şok gelişimindeki rolü deneysel ve klinik çalışmalarda gösterilmiş olup, reseptör antagonistleri sepsis tedavisinde denenmiş ve yararlı sonuçlar sağlamıştır. ET-1'in mitojenle etkinleştirilen protein kinaz sinyal ileti yolunu uyararak etkinleştirdiği downstream sinyal molekülleri aracılığıyla reaktif oksijen türlerinin üretiminde artış, enflamasyon gelişimi, endotelyal işlevde bozulma, anormal damar gerimi ve damarlarda yeniden modellenme gibi olaylara yol açarak sepsis, septik şok ve çoklu organ yetmezliği gelişiminde önemli rolü olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

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Definitions and Pathophysiology of Sepsis

Cited by 82 publications

References 19 publications

Protein from Hevea brasiliensis “Hev b 13” latex attenuates systemic inflammatory response and lung lesions in rats with sepsis

Protein from Hevea brasiliensis “Hev b 13” latex attenuates systemic inflammatory response and lung lesions in rats with sepsis

Infusion of esmolol attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced myocardial dysfunction

The role of endothelin-1 and new therapeutic approaches in sepsis and septic shock

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