Definition and Diagnostic Criteria of Dry Eye Disease: Historical Overview and Future Directions

Aim To review published literature concerning cataract surgery and dry eye disease (DED). Methods A search was undertaken using the following: PubMed (all years), Web of Science (all years), Ovid MEDLINE(R) (1946 to 12 December 2019), Ovid MEDLINE(R) Daily Update 10 December 2019, MEDLINE and MEDLINE non-indexed items, Embase (1974–2019, week 49), Ovid MEDLINE (R) and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations and Daily (1946 to 12 December 2019), CENTRAL (including Cochrane Eyes and Vision Trials Register; Cochrane Library: Issue 12 of 12 December 2019), metaRegister of Controlled Trials (mRCT) ( www.controlled-trials.com ), ClinicalTrials.gov ( www.clinicaltrial.gov ) and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform ( www.who.int/ictrp/search/en ). Search terms included ‘cataract surgery’, ‘phacoemulsification’ and ‘cataract extraction’, combined with ‘dry eyes’ and ‘ocular surface’. Relevant in-article references not returned in our searches were also considered. Results Publications identified included systematic reviews, meta-analysis, randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case series and laboratory-based studies. Published data highlighting the burden of DED both prior and following cataract surgery were reviewed as well as studies highlighting the effects of cataract surgery on the ocular surface, intra-operative measures to reduce deleterious effects on the ocular surface and current evidence on the management options of post-operative DED. Conclusions DED is common and can be exacerbated by cataract surgery. Ophthalmologists need to assess for pre-existing DED and instigate treatment before surgery; be aware of reduced accuracy of measurements for surgical planning in the presence of DED; limit intra-operative surgical factors damaging to the ocular surface; and consider management to reduce DED post-operatively.

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“… 25 Although the overlap between the various definitions can be appreciated, this lack of consensus demonstrates the complex nature of DED. 26 …”

Section: The Background Of Dedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cataract surgery and dry eye disease: A review

Naderi

Gormley

O’Brart

2020

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial ocular surface disease characterized by a loss of tear lm homeostasis. 1,2 In the 2017 Tear Film and Ocular Surface society (TFOS) Dry Eye Workshop (DEWS) II report, DED was classi ed into aqueous de cient dry eye (ADDE) and evaporative dry eye. ADDE is categorized into two groups, Sjögren's syndrome (SS)-related dry eye and non-SS DED.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Ocular Surface Epithelial Damage in Patients with Primary Sjögren's syndrome

Kim

Chin

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of systemic parameters, laboratory findings, oral parameters, and other ocular surface parameters on ocular surface epithelial damage in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS).Methods: A total of 82 dry eye disease (DED) patients with pSS were enrolled in this study. Ocular surface epithelial damage was measured by ocular staining score (OSS). Systemic parameters, laboratory findings including serologic markers, oral parameters, and other ocular surface parameters were collected. Other ocular surface parameter assessments such as the Schirmer’s test, fluorescein tear breakup time, meibomian gland examinations, noninvasive keratographic tear film break-up time measurements using the Keratograph® 5M were performed, and the Ocular Surface Disease Index was determined. Results: In a multivariate analysis, decreased age and increased duration of pSS were significantly related to increased logarithm-transformed OSS (β = -0.011, P = 0.043 for and β = 0.040, P = 0.008). Among the ocular surface parameters, decreased fluorescein tear breakup time and increased MGD grade were significantly associated with increased logarithm-transformed OSS (β = -0.183, P < 0.001 and β = 0.192, P = 0.049).Conclusions: Ocular surface epithelial damage in patients with pSS was associated with young age, long duration of disease, unstable tear film, and decreased meibomian gland function.

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“…Aqueous tear deficiency dry eye (ATD) is characterized by unstable tear film caused by the decrease of tear produce of lacrimal glands and the quality of aqueous tears, which can be divided into Sjögren's syndrome and non Sjögren's syndrome [3] [4]. ATD can cause eye symptoms such as irritation, foreign body feeling, fatigue and so on [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Long-Term Clinical Efficacy of Smart Plug in the Treatment of Aqueous Tear Deficiency Dry Eye: Results of a 5-Year Study

Kuang¹,

Yao²,

Yuan³

et al. 2020

OJOph

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Background: Dry eye syndrome, which affects 10% to 20% of adults, is a disorder of the tear film and is associated with symptoms of ocular discomfort. Smart Plug is a mechanical treatment in which the tear drainage system is blocked in order to aid in the preservation of natural tears on the ocular surface. Purpose: To evaluate the long-term clinical efficacy of Smart Plug in the treatment of aqueous tear deficiency dry eye. Patients and Methods: Retrospective study. Three hundred and two patients with aqueous tear deficiency dry eye were enrolled and all the patients accepted the punctual plug of Smart plug from Jan. 2011 to Jan. 2016. The clinical symptoms, Schirmer's I test, Fluorescein staining (FL), tear break up time (TBUT), and complications were observed and analyzed. Results: Three hundred and two patients (604 eyes) were treated with Smart Plug (22 cases accepted upper and lower punctual plug, 280 cases only lower punctual plug). There were 109 males (36.1%) and 193 females (63.9%) with a mean age of 44.54 years old (Range from 25 to 83 years). Ten cases required the upper Smart Plug after lower punctual plug insertion because of no significantly improved symptoms. Smart plug was removed in 3 patients (1%) due to tearing. Six patients had mild postoperative tearing and no special treatment was required. Lacrimal canaliculitis occurred postoperatively in 8 cases (2.6%) (6 lower and 2 upper), and the affected plug was removed and treated with topical antibiotic eye drops. The BUT, SIT and FL scores of all patients were significantly improved from (2.

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Definition and Diagnostic Criteria of Dry Eye Disease: Historical Overview and Future Directions

Cited by 147 publications

References 26 publications

Cataract surgery and dry eye disease: A review

Cataract surgery and dry eye disease: A review

Factors Associated with Ocular Surface Epithelial Damage in Patients with Primary Sjögren's syndrome

The Long-Term Clinical Efficacy of Smart Plug in the Treatment of Aqueous Tear Deficiency Dry Eye: Results of a 5-Year Study

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