Defining Wound Microbial Flora: Molecular Microbiology Opening New Horizons

Frankel, Yelena M.; Melendez, Johan H.; Wang, Nae Yuh; Price, Lance B.; Zenilman, Jonathan M.; Lazarus, Gerald S.

doi:10.1001/archdermatol.2009.246

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Debridement samples were collected after the wound was washed with sterile isotonic sodium chloride (saline) and anesthetized with topical 4% lidocaine under occlusion with sterile gauze for 5 min. Using the method established by Frankel et al (13), a sterile 3-mm curette was used to collect debridement samples. Debridement samples were systematically collected from the most proximal wound edge, the most distal wound edge, and center of the wound for consistency in wound sampling.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Bacterial Communities in Venous Insufficiency Wounds by Use of Conventional Culture and Molecular Diagnostic Methods

et al. 2011

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Microbial infections delay wound healing, but the effect of the composition of the wound microbiome on healing parameters is unknown. To better understand bacterial communities in chronic wounds, we analyzed debridement samples from lower-extremity venous insufficiency ulcers using the following: conventional anaerobic and aerobic bacterial cultures; the Ibis T5000 universal biosensor (Abbott Molecular); and 16S 454 FLX titanium series pyrosequencing (Roche). Wound debridement samples were obtained from 10 patients monitored clinically for at least 6 months, at which point 5 of the 10 sampled wounds had healed. Pyrosequencing data revealed significantly higher bacterial abundance and diversity in wounds that had not healed at 6 months. Additionally, Actinomycetales was increased in wounds that had not healed, and Pseudomonadaceae was increased in wounds that had healed by the 6-month follow-up. Baseline wound surface area, duration, or analysis by Ibis or conventional culture did not reveal significant differences between wounds that healed after 6 months and those that did not. Thus, pyrosequencing identified distinctive baseline characteristics of wounds that did not heal by the 6-month follow-up, furthering our understanding of potentially unique microbiome characteristics of chronic wounds.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Bacterial Communities in Venous Insufficiency Wounds by Use of Conventional Culture and Molecular Diagnostic Methods

et al. 2011

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“…Different molecular techniques have been used for the identification of bacteria in chronic wounds: fingerprinting techniques (Davies et al, 2004;Andersen et al, 2007;Dowd et al, 2008;Thomsen et al, 2010), the 16S rRNA gene cycle (Hill et al, 2003;Thomsen et al, 2010), FISH Fazli et al, 2009) (Thomsen et al, 2010, pyrosequencing and metagenomics Leake et al, 2009;Price et al, 2009;Wolcott et al, 2009) and quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) Frankel et al, 2009;Leake et al, 2009;Thomsen et al, 2010).…”

Section: Biofilms In Wounds --Representative For Other Chronic Infectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilms in chronic infections – a matter of opportunity – monospecies biofilms in multispecies infections

Burmølle

Thomsen

Fazli

et al. 2010

FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol

364

284

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It has become evident that aggregation or biofilm formation is an important survival mechanism for bacteria in almost any environment. In this review, we summarize recent visualizations of bacterial aggregates in several chronic infections (chronic otitis media, cystic fibrosis, infection due to permanent tissue fillers and chronic wounds) both as to distribution (such as where in the wound bed) and organization (monospecies or multispecies microcolonies). We correlate these biofilm observations to observations of commensal biofilms (dental and intestine) and biofilms in natural ecosystems (soil). The observations of the chronic biofilm infections point toward a trend of low bacterial diversity and sovereign monospecies biofilm aggregates even though the infection in which they reside are multispecies. In contrast to this, commensal and natural biofilm aggregates contain multiple species that are believed to coexist, interact and form biofilms with high bacterial and niche diversity. We discuss these differences from both the diagnostic and the scientific point of view.

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“…In an evaluation of tissue culture from opposing rims in 11 chronic wounds and from the center of 8 of these wounds, sampling yielded the same organisms in 90-94.7% of the wounds. 33 In a study of chronic venous leg ulcers from 14 skin graft operations, quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated large variations in bacterial numbers, and molecular methods demonstrated differences in bacterial species identification based on spatial distribution within a wound, especially with regard to anaerobic pathogens, which were not detected by routine anaerobic culture methods. 65 Only one study involving pressure ulcer healing in individuals with SCI examined spatial differences in bacterial composition by location within a wound; sampling a pressure ulcer from the periphery and the center had a mean quantitative concordance of 63%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriology of pressure ulcers in individuals with spinal cord injury: What we know and what we should know

Dana

Bauman

2014

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine

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Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) are at increased risk for the development of pressure ulcers. These chronic wounds are debilitating and contribute to prolonged hospitalization and worse medical outcome. However, the species of bacteria and the role that specific species may play in delaying the healing of chronic pressure ulcers in the SCI population has not been well characterized. This study will review the literature regarding what is known currently about the bacteriology of pressure ulcers in individuals with SCI. An electronic literature search of MEDLINE (1966 to February 2014) was performed. Eleven studies detailing bacterial cultures of pressure ulcers in the SCI population met inclusion criteria and were selected for review. Among these studies, bacterial cultures were often polymicrobial with both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria identified with culture techniques that varied significantly. The most common organisms identified in pressure ulcers were Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis. In general, wounds were poorly characterized with minimal to no physical description and/or location provided. Our present understanding of factors that may alter the microbiome of pressure ulcers in individuals with SCI is quite rudimentary, at best. Well-designed studies are needed to assess appropriate wound culture technique, the impact of bacterial composition on wound healing, development of infection, and the optimum medical and surgical approaches to wound care.

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Defining Wound Microbial Flora: Molecular Microbiology Opening New Horizons

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

Characterization of Bacterial Communities in Venous Insufficiency Wounds by Use of Conventional Culture and Molecular Diagnostic Methods

Characterization of Bacterial Communities in Venous Insufficiency Wounds by Use of Conventional Culture and Molecular Diagnostic Methods

Biofilms in chronic infections – a matter of opportunity – monospecies biofilms in multispecies infections

Bacteriology of pressure ulcers in individuals with spinal cord injury: What we know and what we should know

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