Defining Airflow Obstruction

Eschenbacher, William L.

doi:10.15326/jcopdf.3.2.2015.0166

Cited by 16 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…VC value shows the amount of gas let out with maximal expiration following maximal inspiration [10]. FVC value decreases when there is blockage or contraction in airways [11]. In our study, differences were found in VC and FVC values of groups only in terms of the variable of physical activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

The effects of smoking addiction and physical activity on some respiratory functions in female university students

Bilici

Genç

2020

ppcs

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Aim:The aim of this study is to examine the effects of smoking addiction and physical activity on some of the respiratory functions in female university students. Methods:103 female students who did not have any health problems, who had an average age of 20,00 (years), average height of 163,6 (cm) and average weight of 55,88 (kg) participated in the study voluntarily. Female students who participated in the study were grouped according to their states of having smoking addiction (athlete, sedentary) and doing exercise (athlete, sedentary) and later some of the respiratory functions were measured. SPSS program was used in the statistical analysis of the data obtained. Shapiro-wilk test was used to find out the normality distribution of the data. Kruskal Wallis test was used in the analysis of the data which were not normally distributed and Mann-Whitney U test was used in sub-groups. Results: FVC(Forced Vital Capasity), FEV1(Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second), FEV1(Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second )/FVC(Forced Vital Capasity), PEF(Peak Expiratory Flow), FEF25-75% (Forced Expiratory Flow at 25-75% ), VC(Vital Capacity) and MVV(Maximal Voluntary Ventilation) values of the female students who were engaged in sports were found to be significantly higher when compared with the groups which were not engaged in sports (p<0,05). Conclusion:In addition, in terms of the variable of smoking addiction, statistically significant difference was found between the FEV1, FEV1/FVC(%), PEF (L/s), FEF25-75% (L/s) and MVV values of the female student groups in favour of sedentary and athlete students who were not smokers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

The effects of smoking addiction and physical activity on some respiratory functions in female university students

Bilici

Genç

2020

ppcs

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“…The symptoms and airflow obstruction can often be reversed either spontaneously or with pharmacological treatment 2 . However, some patients with asthma demonstrate an expiratory airflow limitation that is not completely reversible despite optimal treatment; this condition is known as fixed airflow obstruction (FAO) 3–5 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FAO has been defined as a reduction in the forced expiratory volume in 1° second to forced vital capacity (FEV 1 /FVC) ratio after bronchodilator (BD) use 4,6 . Formerly, FAO was evaluated as an FEV 1 /FVC ratio lower than the fixed cut‐offs of 0.7 and 0.8 in adults and children, respectively 7 ; however, Swanney et al 6 proposed a cut off based on the lower limit of normal (LLN).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 However, some patients with asthma demonstrate an expiratory airflow limitation that is not completely reversible despite optimal treatment; this condition is known as fixed airflow obstruction (FAO). [3][4][5] FAO has been defined as a reduction in the forced expiratory volume in 1°second to forced vital capacity (FEV 1 /FVC) ratio after bronchodilator (BD) use. 4,6 Formerly, FAO was evaluated as an FEV 1 /FVC ratio lower than the fixed cut-offs of 0.7 and 0.8 in adults and children, respectively 7 ; however, Swanney et al 6 proposed a cut off based on the lower limit of normal (LLN).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5] FAO has been defined as a reduction in the forced expiratory volume in 1°second to forced vital capacity (FEV 1 /FVC) ratio after bronchodilator (BD) use. 4,6 Formerly, FAO was evaluated as an FEV 1 /FVC ratio lower than the fixed cut-offs of 0.7 and 0.8 in adults and children, respectively 7 ; however, Swanney et al 6 proposed a cut off based on the lower limit of normal (LLN). Some studies have demonstrated that the LLN definition may reduce the misclassification of FAO because the LLN value is derived from reference equations specific to every population and takes into account age, sex, and ethnicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors for fixed airflow obstruction in children and adolescents with asthma: 4‐Year follow‐up

Sousa

Cabral

Martins

et al. 2020

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Background Asthma is a disease with reversible bronchoconstriction; however, some patients develop fixed airflow obstruction (FAO). Previous studies have reported the incidence and risk factors of FAO in adults; however, the corresponding factors in children remain poorly understood. Aim To evaluate the incidence and risk factors of FAO in children and adolescents with asthma. Method Observational and prospective cohort study with a 4‐year follow‐up of clinically stable patients with asthma (from 6‐8 years old). Anthropometric data, history of asthma, number of hospitalizations, frequent exacerbations, asthma severity, asthma control, inhaled corticosteroid dose, atopy, and lung function were analyzed as potential risk factors for FAO. FAO was defined by a ratio of the forced expiratory volume in the first second to the forced vital capacity below the lower limit of normal, even after inhaled and oral corticosteroid treatment. Results Four hundred and twenty‐eight patients were recruited, and 358 were analyzed. The FAO incidence in children and adolescents with asthma was 9.5% (n = 34), starting at 10 years of age. Age, body mass index, hospitalizations for asthma, bronchodilator response, frequent exacerbations, length of exacerbations, and asthma severity were associated with FAO. Frequent exacerbations (odds ratio [OR] = 4.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3‐11.7) and asthma severity categorized as steps 4 to 5 (OR = 3.5; 95% CI = 1.6‐7.6) remained risk factors. Conclusions Frequent exacerbations and asthma severity are the risk factors for FAO in children and adolescents with asthma.

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Physical fitness and quality of life in adolescents with asthma and fixed airflow obstruction

Sousa

Cabral

Silva

et al. 2020

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Asthma is a disease characterized by reversible bronchoconstriction, but some subjects develop fixed airflow obstruction (FAO). Subjects with FAO present more asthma symptoms and may have increased sedentary behavior; however, the effect of FAO on aerobic fitness and physical activity levels (PAL) remains poorly understood. Aim To compare adolescents with asthma and FAO and adolescents with asthma without FAO in terms of aerobic fitness, PAL, muscle strength, and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods This cross‐sectional study included adolescents with asthma, both sexes, and aged 12–18 years. They were divided into two groups: FAO and non‐FAO groups. The adolescents were diagnosed with asthma according to the Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines and underwent optimal pharmacological treatment for at least 12 months. FAO was diagnosed when the forced expiratory volume in the first second/forced vital capacity ratio was below the lower limit of the normal range after optimal treatment. Aerobic fitness, PAL, peripheral and respiratory muscle strength, and HRQoL were evaluated. Results No significant differences were observed between FAO and non‐FAO groups regarding the peak oxygen uptake (34.6 ± 8.5 vs. 36.0 ± 8.4 mLO2/min/kg), sedentary time (578 ± 126 vs. 563 ± 90 min/day), upper limb muscle strength (29.1 ± 5.9 vs. 28.1 ± 5.7 kilograms of force [kgf]), lower limb muscle strength (42.8 ± 8.6 vs. 47.6 ± 9.6 kgf), or HRQoL (5.1 ± 1.3 vs. 4.7 ± 1.4 score; p > .05). However, the FAO group exhibited a higher maximal expiratory pressure than the non‐FAO group (111.5 ± 15.5 vs. 101.5 ± 15.0 cmH2O, respectively). Conclusion Our results suggest that FAO does not impair aerobic fitness, PAL, peripheral muscle strength, or HRQoL in adolescents with asthma. Furthermore, adolescents with asthma were physically deconditioned.

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Defining Airflow Obstruction

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

The effects of smoking addiction and physical activity on some respiratory functions in female university students

The effects of smoking addiction and physical activity on some respiratory functions in female university students

Risk factors for fixed airflow obstruction in children and adolescents with asthma: 4‐Year follow‐up

Physical fitness and quality of life in adolescents with asthma and fixed airflow obstruction

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