Defects and oxygen vacancies tailored structural, optical, photoluminescence and magnetic properties of Li doped ZnO nanohexagons

Study on the Defect Structure of Carbon‐Doped ZnO Materials

“…In addition, the relationship between four samples (𝛼h𝜐) 2 and the value of the band gap is shown in Figure 5, which is inferred from the Tauc equation. [14,15] The equation is as follows…”

“…In addition, the relationship between four samples ( αhυ ) 2 and the value of the band gap is shown in Figure , which is inferred from the Tauc equation. [ 14,15 ] The equation is as follows $$$$\begin{equation}\ {\left( {\alpha h\upsilon } \right)^2} = A\left( {h\upsilon - {E_{\rm{g}}}} \right)\end{equation}$$$$where hυ represents the photon energy, A is a constant, and α is the absorbance coefficient. The relationship between ( αhυ ) 2 and energy can be derived to further obtain the band gap ( E g ).…”

Structural, optical, and antibacterial properties of Li-doped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized in water: evidence of incorporation of interstitial Li

“…For example, a magnified view of peak (101) is shown in figure 1(b). Such peak shift is indicative of the successful incorporation of Li within the ZnO host [15]. It is important to note that no XRD peaks associated with intermediate crystal phases such as Li, Zn, and Li-oxide have been observed in the XRD spectra.…”

“…Nevertheless, most of the limitations can be overcome by introducing foreign elements into it. Widespread experimental and theoretical research have been reported on the synthesis, structural, morphological, optical, chemical, magnetic, antibacterial, and electrical characteristics of undoped and doped ZnO with various dopants including transition metals (TM), alkali, and alkaline Earth metals, rare Earth metals, and also non-metals and their composites [14][15][16][17]. An extensive literature survey showed that great efforts have been made toward transition metal doping with ZnO such as cobalt, iron, nickel, chromium, and manganese due to the existence of room-temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM), outstanding photocatalytic activity and band gap modulation [15,17,18].…”

“…Widespread experimental and theoretical research have been reported on the synthesis, structural, morphological, optical, chemical, magnetic, antibacterial, and electrical characteristics of undoped and doped ZnO with various dopants including transition metals (TM), alkali, and alkaline Earth metals, rare Earth metals, and also non-metals and their composites [14][15][16][17]. An extensive literature survey showed that great efforts have been made toward transition metal doping with ZnO such as cobalt, iron, nickel, chromium, and manganese due to the existence of room-temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM), outstanding photocatalytic activity and band gap modulation [15,17,18]. Studies have revealed that doping ZnO with elements (aluminum, gallium, Indium) of group III leads to the fabrication of an n-type ZnO semiconductor [19], while intentional incorporation with a group I alkali metal (lithium, sodium, potassium) can lead to the fabrication of a high resistive p-type ZnO-based semiconductor [20].…”