Defected Photonic Crystal Array Using Porous GaN as Malaria Sensor

Abstract

A defective one-dimensional photonic crystal is investigated as a biosensor to detect malaria disease. The proposed photonic structure is air/(GaN/Porous GaN)N/Sample/(GaN/Porous GaN)N/Substrate. The red blood cells sample of the human being is used as a sample defect in the proposed optical device. The pioneer transfer matrix method is used to analyze the transmittance spectra. A change in sample refractive index highly affects the transmittance resonant peak and this shift in the peak plays a key role in the operation of the device. The relatively high figure of merit of 1022 RIU−1 with a sensitivity of 1472 nm/RIU and quality factor of 1076 is detected. The proposed sensor is relatively better than others available to detect malaria disease.

A doped-polymer based porous silicon photonic crystal sensor for the detection of gamma-ray radiation

“…Based on the Maxwell equations and the boundary conditions, this method was frequently used to determine the transmittance spectrum of the electromagnetic waves that were propagating in 1DPhCs. 43–45 The transmittance spectrum is investigated for the 1D-PhCs in the presence of a doped polymer as a defect layer as the following equation.where, t is the transmittance coefficient, then the parameters ( P o ) and ( P s ) are utilized to define the optical characteristics of the starting medium (air) and substrate for a transverse electric polarization, respectively such that: - P o = n o cos θ o , and P s = n s cos θ s where, n o , n s are the refractive index of air and substrate. m 11 , m 12 , m 21 , and m 22 are the elements of the final matrix of the proposed structure and could be written as the following equation.where, M PSi 1 , M PSi 2 , M Doped_Polymer is the characteristic matrix for PSi 1 , PSi 2 , and doped polymer (defect layer) donated by M j .…”

“…Based on the Maxwell equations and the boundary conditions, this method was frequently used to determine the transmittance spectrum of the electromagnetic waves that were propagating in 1DPhCs. [43][44][45] The transmittance spectrum is investigated for the 1D-PhCs in the presence of a doped polymer as a defect layer as the following equation.…”

Studying the impact of interface roughness on a layered photonic crystal as a sensor

“…Recently, graded 1D-PhCs sensors have attracted scientists due to their better performance [34,35]. Biosensors are vital in industries and environmental monitoring [36].…”

Refractive index sensor with magnified resonant signal

“…PCs are periodic dielectric constants of different materials that have attracted high attention because of their unique behaviour like photonic bandgap (PBG) 4 – 7 . One-dimensional (1D-PCs) have been widely included in Tamm 8 – 13 , Fano 14 , and defect mode 12 , 15 – 19 resonance to be used in various applications 20 . These resonant modes have limited amplitude (only from 0 to 100% intensity).…”