Deep Learning-Based CT Image Characteristics and Postoperative Anal Function Restoration for Patients with Complex Anal Fistula

Abstract

Objective. This study aimed to optimize the CT images of anal fistula patients using a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm to investigate the anal function recovery. Methods. 57 patients with complex anal fistulas admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to February 2021 were selected as research subjects. Of them, CT images of 34 cases were processed using the deep learning neural network, defined as the experimental group, and the remaining unprocessed 23 cases were in the control group. Whether to process CT images depended on the patient’s own wish. The imaging results were compared with the results observed during the surgery. Results. It was found that, in the experimental group, the images were clearer, with DSC = 0.89, precision = 0.98, and recall = 0.87, indicating that the processing effects were good; that the CT imaging results in the experimental group were more consistent with those observed during the surgery, and the difference was notable ( P < 0.05 ). Furthermore, the experimental group had lower RP (mmHg), AMCP (mmHg) scores, and postoperative recurrence rate, with notable differences noted ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. CT images processed by deep learning are clearer, leading to higher accuracy of preoperative diagnosis, which is suggested in clinics.

Integrated Learning Model-Based Assessment of Enteral Nutrition Support in Neurosurgical Intensive Care Patients

“…The nutritional status of neurosurgical intensive care patients is closely related to clinical prognosis. Inadequate nutrition can lead to increased complications, difficulties in ventilator withdrawal, deterioration, prolonged intensive care unit stay, and increased morbidity and mortality [ 1 ]. Early gastrointestinal nutrition refers to the supply of daily nutrients required by the patient from the gastrointestinal tract.…”

“…Neurosurgical critically ill patients are mostly associated with stress hyperglycemia and negative nitrogen balance, and the body is in a hypermetabolic and hypercatabolic state after injury; early enteral nutrition support can improve the nutritional status of patients and enhance their immunity [ 1 ] but is prone to complications such as feeding intolerance and aspiration pneumonia [ 2 ]. To achieve better care outcomes, evidence-based care is derived from evidence-based medical theory by integrating the best available evidence-based medical evidence, the patient's actual situation, and the caregiver's skills and clinical experience [ 3 , 4 ].…”

The Value of Transrectal Ultrasound in the Preoperative Diagnosis of Complex Anal Fistula (CAF): Based on a Retrospective Cohort Study

“…At present, there are many common preoperative examination methods of AF, such as physical examination, probe examination, Goodsall's law, and methylene blue test, which are mainly applicable to patients with simple AF, which can determine the course of fistula and the location of internal orifice, but when applied to patients with CAF, the diagnostic accuracy is low, and it may be misleading, resulting in postoperative recurrence [ 6 , 7 ]. The early methods employed in the diagnosis of AF include fistula X-ray and CT imaging, but the application of contrast media in CAF is difficult, has adverse reactions, and is difficult to distinguish between fibrotic fistula and sphincter complex and pelvic floor muscle and other shortcomings; clinical application is limited [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Pelvic three-dimensional ultrasound is a practical tool for assessing anal fistula

“…However, the endosonograph's limited eld of view prevents the detection of suprasphincteric or secondary tracts [11] . Conventional two-dimensional CT images cannot fully depict the distribution of subtle stulas and abscesses because of their poor capacity for soft tissue differentiation [13,14] . In addition, CT subjects patients to ionizing radiation [15] .…”