In this paper, we consider the relationship between pollen assemblages, vegetation and climate in some desert and desert-steppe areas in northern China using both surface soil samples and pollen trap samples. Discriminant analysis shows that samples originating from different climatic or geographical regions can be separated reliably on the basis of pollen assemblage regardless of sample type. DCCA analysis indicates that surface soil pollen assemblages show significant correlations with climate parameters. DCCA Axis 1 is negatively correlated with the mean temperature in the warmest month (MT wa ; r = −0.58), whilst axis 2 is positively correlated with mean annual precipitation (P ann ; r = −0.73). Artemisia-to-Chenopodiaceae ratios are generally lower in desert areas than in desert-steppe areas. Pollen productivity relative to Chenopodiaceae (R Chenopodiaceae ) was estimated using least-squares linear regression of pollen influx data against vegetation data and ERV model analysis of percentage pollen data against vegetation data. Rank order of R Chenopodiaceae is consistent regardless of data set or analysis method. Artemisia has R Chenopodiaceae values greater than 3, whilst R Chenopodiaceae Nitraria is around 0.1 and R Chenopodiaceae Poaceae is below 0.1. Our results provide useful information for quantitative reconstructions of paleovegation and paleoclimate in arid or semi-arid Asia.

To observe the clinical efficacy of early enteral nutrition application in critically ill neurosurgical patients, in this paper, we have developed a prediction model for enteral nutrition support in neurosurgical intensive care patients which is primarily based on an integrated learning algorithm. Additionally, we have compared the prediction performance of each model. The patients were divided into control and combined treatment groups according to the random number table method, and 175 patients in each group were treated with a parenteral method and early enteral nutrition support, respectively. A reentry ICU prediction model based on the integrated learning method random forest, adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), and gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) was developed, and the prediction performance of integrated learning and logistic regression was compared. The average sensitivity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, false-positive rate, false-negative rate, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), and Brier score after fivefold cross-validation were used to evaluate model effects, and the best performance model based on the top 10 predictor variables in order of importance was given. Among all models, GBDT ( AUROC = 0.858 ) was better than random forest ( AUROC = 0.827 ) and slightly better than AdaBoost ( AUROC = 0.851 ). The GBDT algorithm gave a higher ranking of importance for variables such as mean arterial pressure, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, urine volume, and blood creatinine and relatively poorer cardiovascular and renal function in neurosurgical intensive care patients.

Background: Patients with hemorrhagic stroke have high mortality and disability rates. Nevertheless, early rehabilitation interventions can improve their outcomes. We aimed to apply capsaicin atomization as early intervention to patients with hemorrhagic stroke and explore improvements in cough and swallowing functions. Method: Patients with hemorrhagic stroke were randomly divided into the control group, which received routine care, and the intervention group, which underwent the capsaicin solution nebulization scheme in addition to routine care. Differences in the presence/absence of cough reflex and number of coughs in response to capsaicin, the presence/absence of swallowing reflex in response to water, the presence/absence of postswallow residue, substance P (SP) concentration, and pulmonary inflammation between the two groups were determined before and after the intervention. Results: A total of 53 patients with hemorrhagic stroke were included. Results showed no statistically significant difference in cough reflex in both groups after the intervention ( p > .05). The degree of cough in the intervention group was stronger than that in the control group ( p = .046). No statistically significant difference was observed in the number of patients with swallowing reflex in response to water between the groups ( p > .05). The presence/absence of postswallow residue of the intervention group was stronger than that of the control group ( p = .032). No statistically significant difference was observed between the Glasgow Coma Scale scores of the groups after the intervention ( p > .05). SP in the intervention group was significantly increased ( p = .031). The Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score was significantly lower in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( p = .028). Conclusions: Capsaicin nebulization can help enhance the number of coughs in response to capsaicin, reduce postswallow residue, and increase the level of SP in patients with hemorrhagic stroke and has a positive effect on pulmonary inflammation. This study provides intervention points for cough and swallowing rehabilitation after a hemorrhagic stroke. Supplemental Material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21956903