Deep eutectic solvent catalyzed Friedel–Crafts alkylation of electron-rich arenes with aldehydes

Abstract

In this study, six deep eutectic solvents were synthesized. Research shows that [ChCl][ZnCl2]2 can be used for catalyzing F–C alkylations of electron-rich arenes with aldehydes successfully. After five cycles, the yields remain about 89–94%.

An efficient multicomponent synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted and 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoles catalyzed by a magnetic nanoparticle supported Lewis acidic deep eutectic solvent

“…3,4 The stable and efficient LADESs can afford the desired products in high yield and selectivity against the conventional metal halide catalysts. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] However, some drawbacks such as the use of a large amount of LADESs, difficulty in catalyst recovery and product separation, which can cause environmental pollution and a high-cost to the procedure, limit their application in industrial processes. The development of heterogeneous DES catalysts in organic reactions has become a signicant area of research due to the advantages of these materials over traditional homogeneous DESs such as easy product separation, efficient recovery and reusability, and workup simplicity.…”

Natural deep eutectic solvent supported targeted solid–liquid polymer carrier for breast cancer therapy

“…1F shows a strong peak at 1666 cm À1 corresponding to amide bonds and represents the amide bond of the biotin graed lysine (biotin-glysine). 17,36 The FT-IR spectrum of biotin-g-lysine-co-PEG (biotinconjugated solid-liquid polymer) ( Fig. 1G) demonstrates characteristic peaks at 1596 and 1726 cm À1 , which represent the amide and ester stretching vibration of PEG and biotin-g-lysine, respectively.…”

“…13,14 Compared to organic solvents, the use of NADES has gained attention in the synthesis of carrier systems. [15][16][17][18] Citrus limon peels are rich in bioactive compounds, including antioxidants, avonoids, vitamins, and prolinebetaine (PB). PB is a natural bioactive compound, which has numerous biological properties, including antifungal, antibacterial, and anticancer activities.…”

Organic Synthesis without Conventional Solvents

“…Especially ChCl-ZnCl 2 (1:2) was used extensively, for example in esterification, [138] the Biginelli reaction, [139] the Kabachnik-Fields reaction, [140] the Fischer Indole synthesis, [141] the acetylation of monosaccharides, [142] the Friedel-Craft-Acylation [143] and alkylation, [144] the Mannich reaction, [145] the synthesis of aromatic amides, [146] and the Diels-Alder reaction. Especially ChCl-ZnCl 2 (1:2) was used extensively, for example in esterification, [138] the Biginelli reaction, [139] the Kabachnik-Fields reaction, [140] the Fischer Indole synthesis, [141] the acetylation of monosaccharides, [142] the Friedel-Craft-Acylation [143] and alkylation, [144] the Mannich reaction, [145] the synthesis of aromatic amides, [146] and the Diels-Alder reaction.…”