Decreased dickkopf-1 levels in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and increased osteopontin levels in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma at initial diagnosis: Could they be playing roles in pathogenesis?

Abstract

Aims We determined plasma levels of dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) and osteopontin (OPN) which have roles in the Wnt pathway in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients and in healthy controls. We also tested whether DKK-1 and OPN levels could be of clinical or prognostic significance in CLL and NHL. Methods We included 36 CLL, 24 NHL patients, and 21 healthy controls. Patients' clinical and demographic features, treatment modalities, and response to treatment were recorded. DKK-1 and OPN levels in plasma obtained at initial diagnosis were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results CLL patients had significantly lower DKK-1 levels than NHL and control groups (P levels, respectively, 0.048 and 0.017). OPN level was significantly higher in NHL group than in CLL and control groups (P values, 0.017 and <0.001). CLL patients with early and late Rai stages of disease had similar DKK-1 and OPN levels. After a median follow-up of 48 months, 13 CLL patients died. Univariate analysis showed that advanced Rai stages and older age were significantly poor prognostic factors. DKK-1 level in CLL patients who have died was significantly lower than those who were alive (P = 0.035). NHL patients with extranodal involvement had significantly higher OPN levels than those with no involvement (P = 0.04). Conclusions Our results demonstrated that the Wnt pathway inhibitor DKK-1 was decreased in CLL. OPN was increased in NHL and associated with extranodal involvement. In order to reveal the pathogenic and clinical roles of DKK-1 and OPN in CLL and NHL, larger studies need to be conducted.

Dickkopf-1 Promotes Angiogenesis and is a Biomarker for Hepatic Stem Cell-like Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…We also found that DKK-1 is highly expressed in HpSC-HCC and presented it as a novel biomarker that regulates Wnt signaling [ 18 , 19 ]. DKK-1 expression has also been reported to be elevated in HCC tissues [ 20 ], and DKK-1 is dysregulated in various other malignant tumors, such as pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, multiple myeloma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. The diagnostic value of serum DKK-1 levels for HCC has previously been determined [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Osteopontin expression and its relationship with prognostic factors in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

“…An association between the expression of osteopontin and extranodal disease has been also reported. 27 OPN has been linked to the tropism of neoplastic B cells to the central nervous system (CNS) and it has been found that the OPN gene is up-regulated in the primary nervous system lymphoma. 28-30 Although the characteristics of our study do not allow us to identify a relationship between OPN expression and CNS involvement by lymphoma, we consider that it is important to deepen the investigations to know if the expression of OPN in the neoplastic cell can predict an infiltration, posterior to the central nervous system, as it would help to discern which patients with DLBCL would benefit from prophylaxis to prevent CNS involvement.…”

miR‑410 acts as an oncogene in colorectal cancer cells by targeting dickkopf‑related protein 1 via the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway

“…Additionally, several studies have demonstrated that the expression of DKK-1 is downregulated in colorectal adenoma carcinoma at late CRC stages (33). DKK-1 has also been revealed to be downregulated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and papillary thyroid cancer (34,35). The current study predicted binding between miR-410 and DKK-1 using bioinformatics methods and then confirmed this interaction by luciferase reporter assay.…”