Decontamination of hazardous substances from solid matrices and liquids using supercritical fluids extraction: A review

Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Stabilization of Phenolic Compounds From Natural Sources – Review (Supercritical Extraction and Stabilization of Phenolic Compounds)

“…Among supercritical fluids, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is the most used solvent because its mild critical conditions (nearly 31.1°C and 74.0 bar), readily separation from solutes, nontoxic properties and GRAS status [8,10,25]. Characteristics of a supercritical fluid resemble both a gas and a liquid, the gas-like characteristics help the fluids diffusion to the matrix and access to the phytochemicals and the liquid-like characteristics provides good solvation power [14].…”

“…However, there are drawbacks associated with classical extraction techniques such as the need for large amounts of solvents, time consuming and considerable waste products treatment [10]. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) could be an environmentally beneficial alternative to the conventional organic solvent extraction of these compounds.…”

“…For this reason, this method is associated mainly with high-value products or those required compliance with strict environmental regulations [10].…”

Modern Extraction Techniques for Pesticide Residues Determination in Plant and Soil Samples

“…Besides CO 2 , supercritical N 2 O has been much in use as well, and it could be used both with and without modifiers. The basic principles and possibilities of applying the SFE technique for determining pesticide residues in samples of different origin can be found in the reports generated by Gilbert-Lopez et al (2009);Sunarso & Ismadji (2009);Rissato et al (2005aRissato et al ( , 2005b; Motohashi et al (2000) and Torres et al (1996). In general, SFE usually lasts less than two hours, and the further analysis can be accomplished in several ways.…”

Reduction of Toxic Element Mobility in Mining Soil by Zeolitic Amendments

“…Specifically, mining, processing and dumping of wastes, in several cases have produced severe heavy element pollution (Baker et al, 1994). Heavy metals are generally immutable, non-degradable and persistent in soils, unlike any organic contaminants (Adriano et al, 2004;Shi et al, 2009;Sunarso andIsmadji, 2009 andPeng et al, 2009). Consequently, it's necessary to take action in order to remediate heavily polluted soils.…”