Decision-making support in weakly structured subject domains: Analysis of situations and evaluation of alternatives

Software systems for situation analysis and decision support on the basis of cognitive maps: Approaches and methods

“…The paper [30] explored assessment hierarchy construction methods for any cognitive maps of a situation; the methods guarantee the maximal intersection of the factor set of a cognitive map and leaf factors (assessment criteria) of the corresponding assessment hierarchy. Furthermore, the cited authors examined coordination methods for the scales of cognitive model factors and leaf assessment criteria that ensure correct multicriteria assessments for situation development scenarios.…”

Some models of dynamic cognitive maps with qualitative scales of factors values

“…Therefore sometimes "algebraized" qualitative scales are used. Such scales represent only names of numerical values, with which arithmetic operations are carried out without any restrictions (Averkin, et al, 2006). The qualitative scales often are considered as fuzzy reflection of some numerical domain.…”

Aggregating opinions in non-uniform ordered qualitative scales

“…For instance, the International Association of Oenologists considers that each attribute of a wine is evaluated in an ordered qualitative scale of seven linguistic terms: {'bad', 'mediocre', 'inadequate', 'passable', 'good', 'very good', 'excellent'} and each term is associated with an integer number (see Balinski and Laraki [4]). In spite of the fact of this practice has been widely used in the literature (see, for instance, Franceschini and Romano [10] and Averkin et al [1]), it is meaningless because different codifications of the same ordered qualitative scale could generate different outcomes when aggregating individual assessments (see Roberts [23] and Franceschini et al [9], among others).…”