Deciphering the effect of reproductive tract microbiota on human reproduction

Moreno, Inmaculada; Simón, Carlos

doi:10.1002/rmb2.12249

Cited by 106 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…It is known that Lactobacillus spp. play a key role to keep the eubiosis of the human vaginal microbiota by inhibiting the proliferation of undesirable microorganisms (41). While Lactobacillus spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal Microbiota Changes During Estrous Cycle in Dairy Heifers

et al. 2020

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The vaginal microbiota plays an important role in the health of dairy cattle, and it could be manipulated for the prevention and treatment of reproduction-related infections. The present study profiles and compares the vaginal microbiota of healthy dairy heifers during the estrous cycle focusing the results in follicular (estrus) and luteal (diestrus) phases using 16S rRNA sequencing of the V3-V4 hypervariable region. Twenty 13-16-months-old virgin dairy heifers from a single farm were included in this study. Vaginal swabs and blood samples were obtained during estrus (6-8 h before artificial insemination) and diestrus (14 days after insemination). Estrus was evaluated by an activity monitoring system and confirmed with plasma progesterone immunoassay. Results showed that the taxonomic composition of the vaginal microbiota was different during the follicular and luteal phases. At the phylum level, the most abundant bacterial phyla were Tenericutes, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes which comprised more than 75% of the vaginal microbiota composition. The next more abundant phyla, in order of decreasing abundance, were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria, Epsilonbacteraeota, and Patescibacteria. Together with Tenericutes, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes represented more than 96% of the bacterial composition. Ureaplasma, Histophilus, f_Corynebacteriaceae, Porphyromonas, Mycoplasma, Ruminococcaceae UCG-005, were the most abundant genera or families. The results also showed that the vaginal microbiota of dairy heifers was non-lactobacillus dominant. The genus Lactobacillus was always found at a low relative abundance during the estrous cycle being more abundant in the follicular than in the luteal phase. Despite more research is needed to explore the potential use of native vaginal microbiota members as probiotics in dairy heifers, this study represents an important step forward. Understanding how the microbiota behaves in healthy heifers will help to identify vaginal dysbiosis related to disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal Microbiota Changes During Estrous Cycle in Dairy Heifers

et al. 2020

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“…However, until 2014, it was thought that the placenta did not contain its own microbiome. In chorioamnionitis, an inflammatory infectious process of the fetal side of placenta, the most commonly isolated pathogens are Bacteroides species, E. coli, Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, Peptostreptococci, Streptococci, and Ureaplasma urealyticum (62). This would suggest that pathologic bacteria can invade the amnion, and chorion from the vagina.…”

Section: Placental Microbiome?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological Role of the Maternal Uterine Microbiome in Pregnancy: Pregnancies Pathologies and Alterated Microbiota

et al. 2020

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Understanding what happens at the time of embryo implantation has been the subject of significant research. Investigators from many differing fields including maternal fetal medicine, microbiology, genetics, reproductive endocrinology and immunology have all been studying the moment the embryo interacts with the maternal endometrium. A perfect relationship between the uterus and the embryo, mediated by a tightly controlled interaction between the embryo and the endometrium, is required for successful implantation. Any factors affecting this communication, such as altered microbiome may lead to poor reproductive outcomes. Current theories suggest that altered microbiota may trigger an inflammatory response in the endometrium that affects the success of embryo implantation, as inflammatory mediators are tightly regulated during the adhesion of the blastocyst to the epithelial endometrial wall. In this review, we will highlight the various microbiome found during the periconceptual period, the microbiomes interaction with immunological responses surrounding the time of implantation, its effect on implantation, placentation and ultimately maternal and neonatal outcomes.

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“…The microbiota of the female reproductive tract has long been studied through cultivation methods to identify the microorganisms that can be isolated and to assess their impact on reproductive physiology. However, an accurate picture of the microbial diversity in this body niche was achieved only recently, following the advent of highly sensitive molecular techniques that can identify microorganisms that cannot be grown in culture [1]. Sequencing of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene, encoding an essential component of the ribosome, is one of the most effective techniques in this field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled ovarian stimulation and progesterone supplementation affect vaginal and endometrial microbiota in IVF cycles: a pilot study

Carosso¹,

Revelli²,

Gennarelli³

et al. 2020

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose Does controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) and progesterone (P) luteal supplementation modify the vaginal and endometrial microbiota of women undergoing in vitro fertilization? Methods Fifteen women underwent microbiota analysis at two time points: during a mock transfer performed in the luteal phase of the cycle preceding COS, and at the time of fresh embryo transfer (ET). A vaginal swab and the distal extremity of the ET catheter tip were analyzed using next-generation 16SrRNA gene sequencing. Heterogeneity of the bacterial microbiota was assessed according to both the Bray-Curtis similarity index and the Shannon diversity index. Results Lactobacillus was the most prevalent genus in the vaginal samples, although its relative proportion was reduced by COS plus P supplementation (71.5 ± 40.6% vs. 61.1 ± 44.2%). In the vagina, an increase in pathogenic species was observed, involving Prevotella (3.5 ± 8.9% vs. 12.0 ± 19.4%), and Escherichia coli-Shigella spp. (1.4 ± 5.6% vs. 2.0 ± 7.8%). In the endometrium, the proportion of Lactobacilli slightly decreased (27.4 ± 34.5% vs. 25.0 ± 29.9%); differently, both Prevotella and Atopobium increased (3.4 ± 9.5% vs. 4.7 ± 7.4% and 0.7 ± 1.5% vs. 5.8 ± 12.0%). In both sites, biodiversity was greater after COS (p < 0.05), particularly in the endometrial microbiota, as confirmed by Bray-Curtis analysis of the phylogenetic distance among bacteria genera. Bray-Curtis analysis confirmed significant differences also for the paired endometrium-vagina samples at each time point. Conclusions Our findings suggest that COS and P supplementation significantly change the composition of vaginal and endometrial microbiota. The greater instability could affect both endometrial receptivity and placentation. If our findings are confirmed, they may provide a further reason to encourage the freeze-all strategy.

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Deciphering the effect of reproductive tract microbiota on human reproduction

Cited by 106 publications

References 107 publications

Vaginal Microbiota Changes During Estrous Cycle in Dairy Heifers

Vaginal Microbiota Changes During Estrous Cycle in Dairy Heifers

Immunological Role of the Maternal Uterine Microbiome in Pregnancy: Pregnancies Pathologies and Alterated Microbiota

Controlled ovarian stimulation and progesterone supplementation affect vaginal and endometrial microbiota in IVF cycles: a pilot study

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