Decellularization Techniques for Preparation of Decellularized Extracellular Matrices in Tissue Engineering Applications

Abstract

Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds have been broadly used in tissue engineering because of their versatile bioactive nature and biomimetic properties. The ECM can be derived from various tissues, organs and cultured cells. A variety of decellularization methods have been developed to maximize the decellularization effect while minimizing the effect on ECM structures and compositions. The methods can be categorized into chemical, biological, and physical methods and their combinations. The properties and applications of ECM scaffolds are dependent on decellularization methods. This article summarizes the decellularization methods for preparation of decellularized ECM scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.

Development of decellularization protocol for caprine small intestine submucosa as a biomaterial

“…Different tissues or organ types require different decellularization protocols, depending on their architecture and composition of ECM [ 24 , 28 ]. Thus, it is important to develop the most appropriate protocol for specific tissue decellularization while retaining the ECM components and bioactive compounds when eliminating the resident cell [ 24 , 27 ].…”

“…Benzonase) and endonucleases (e.g. DNase) are commonly used to break the nucleotide bonds and remove remnant DNA [ 20 , 21 , 27 ]. Different tissue or organ types require different decellularization protocols, depending on their architecture and composition of ECM, and need to be optimized for respective tissue or organ before their intended use [ 24 , 28 ].…”