Decarbonizing the power and industry sectors in India by carbon capture and storage

Zhang, Kai; Lau, Hon Chung; Bokka, Harsha Kumar; Hadia, Nanji Jethabhai

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2022.123751

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…For CO 2 storage readiness, the storage capacity should be large enough to store 100 years or longer of injection. We use the results of our previous studies − ,,− to determine the CO 2 storage capacity in three types of subsurface reservoirs: oil reservoirs, gas reservoirs and saline aquifers. In these studies, only major oil reservoirs with OOIP > 16 × 10 6 m 3 and gas reservoirs with OGIP > 20,000 × 10 6 m 3 are evaluated for CO 2 storage.…”

Section: Objective and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study area consists of regions where we have conducted CCS research and specifically CO 2 -source-sinking mapping in the last two years. It consists of (1) the east coast of China between Shanghai and Hainan, (2) India, , (3) Sumatra, West Java, and Kalimantan of Indonesia, , Malaysia, Vietnam, (4) Thailand, , and Brunei (Figure ). The number of CPs included in the study is 520 (Table ).…”

Section: Objective and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Lau et al have published a number of studies on using CCS to decarbonize various Asian countries. − In these studies, country specific CO 2 source-sink mapping is conducted to determine the scale of CO 2 emission and size of the subsurface storage in different types of subsurface reservoirs. A summary of the results of these studies is given in Table .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Contribution of Carbon Capture and Storage to the Decarbonization of Coal-Fired Power Plants in Selected Asian Countries

Lau

2023

Energy Fuels

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About 26% of global CO2 emissions came from coal-fired power plants (CP) in 2021. Furthermore, 72% of this came from Asian countries, especially China and India. Therefore, reducing CO2 emission from CPs is a must if Asian countries were to achieve net-zero CO2 emission by 2050 or soon afterward. In this study, we evaluate the potential contribution of carbon capture and storage (CCS) to decarbonize CPs in selected Asian countries. Our study area consists of the east coast of China, India, Sumatra, West Java and Kalimantan of Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Vietnam, and Thailand which contains one-quarter of the global CP capacity. We screen all existing CPs in the study area for CCS retrofit readiness, considering the size and age of CPs, the CO2 transportation distance, and the storage capacity of nearby oil and gas reservoirs and saline aquifers. Analyses show that out of 520 CPs in the study area, 305 (59%) pass the screening criteria for CCS-retrofitting. If fully implemented at a 90% CO2 capture rate, CCS retrofitting will result in the abatement of 1.55 Gtpa of CO2, equal to 65% of CO2 emission from CPs in the study area and 16% of global CO2 emission from CPs. Furthermore, retrofitting CPs with CCS has the potential to reduce CO2 emissions by 18% for Malaysia, 26% for India, and 26% for Vietnam. However, the biggest CO2 abatement will be realized in India (715 Mtpa) and China (636 Mtpa). These results quantify the potential contribution of CCS in decarbonizing CPs in Asia. Policy implications to accelerate CCS implementation based on our findings are also discussed.

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Section: Objective and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Objective and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Contribution of Carbon Capture and Storage to the Decarbonization of Coal-Fired Power Plants in Selected Asian Countries

Lau

2023

Energy Fuels

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“…Table 4 lists the CO 2 storage capacity of saline aquifers in the sedimentary basins of India reported by Zhang et al 25 The top seven basins with the highest CO 2 storage capacity are Ganges, Vindhyan, Mumbai Offshore, Kerala-Konkan, Bengal, Saurashtra, and Mahanadi. Furthermore, by comparing Tables 3 and 4, it can be seen that 99% of the CO 2 storage capacity resides in saline aquifers and only 1% in oil and gas fields.…”

Section: Co 2 Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Contribution of Carbon Capture and Storage to the Decarbonization of India’s Steel Industry

Lau

2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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India is the world’s second largest manufacturer of crude steel. In fiscal year (FY) 2023, it produced 125 Mt of crude steel while emitting 320 Mt of CO2 during this process. CO2 emission from steelmaking contributed to 12% of India’s total CO2 emission. This paper investigates the contribution of carbon capture and storage (CCS) to decarbonize India’s steel industry. A first-of-a-kind CO2 source–sink mapping exercise is conducted to connect 15 integrated steel plants in India with subsurface CO2 sinks including gas fields, oil fields, and saline aquifers by considering four CCS field development concepts. Results have identified six world-class CCS projects in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Gujarat, and Maharashtra where nine of the steel plants will be retrofitted for CCS. Together, these projects will mitigate 108 Mtpa of CO2 or 41% of total CO2 emission from India’s steel industry. In the Maharashtra CCS project, CO2 from the JSW Steel Plant in Dolvi will be used for CO2-enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in the offshore Mumbai High Oil Field with the potential to produce 1452 MMbbl of incremental oil. In the other five CCS projects, CO2 will be permanently stored in saline aquifers. Engineering efforts needed to implement these projects are discussed.

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“…Recently, Zhang et al ( 2022) estimated that there is 416 Gt of CO 2 storage capacity in India, with 99% residing in saline aquifers. This is enough to store two centuries of CO 2 emission from the power and industry sectors [82]. Bokka et al (2022) estimate there is 141 Gt of subsurface CO 2 storage capacity in the western states of Maharashtra and Gujarat in India, which is enough to store four centuries of CO 2 emission from these states [83].…”

Section: Role Of Ccs In Decarbonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Decarbonization Roadmap for Taiwan and Its Energy Policy Implications

Lau

Tsai²

2022

Sustainability

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The objective of this paper is to propose a decarbonization roadmap for Taiwan to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050 by analyzing the status of fossil and non-fossil energies, screening applicable decarbonization technologies for their effectiveness, and then proposing an energy mix for the future. The novelty of this work lies in the screening process, which considers six, instead of one or two, categories: sustainability, security, affordability, reliability, technology readiness, and technology impact. Based on this screening, a decarbonization roadmap is proposed and compared with the announced net-zero emissions (NZE) plan. The proposed roadmap requires renewable electricity to grow at an average annual growth rate of 7% between now and 2050, instead of the 10.1% required by the NZE plan, which is more achievable based on issues identified with renewable energies during our screening exercise. The proposed roadmap improves on the NZE plan in the following aspects: (1) using clean coal technologies to decarbonize existing coal-fired power plants, (2) relying more on gas than wind and solar energies to replace coal and nuclear energy for power generation, (3) accelerating carbon capture and storage (CCS) implementation, (4) delaying the phaseout of nuclear energy until 2050, and (5) using blue instead of green hydrogen to decarbonize the transport and industry sectors. Implications of this roadmap for future research and development and energy policies are also discussed.

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Decarbonizing the power and industry sectors in India by carbon capture and storage

Cited by 23 publications

References 60 publications

The Contribution of Carbon Capture and Storage to the Decarbonization of Coal-Fired Power Plants in Selected Asian Countries

The Contribution of Carbon Capture and Storage to the Decarbonization of Coal-Fired Power Plants in Selected Asian Countries

The Contribution of Carbon Capture and Storage to the Decarbonization of India’s Steel Industry

A Decarbonization Roadmap for Taiwan and Its Energy Policy Implications

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