Debating male circumcision for HIV prevention: A one-sided argument does not represent a legitimate ‘controversy’ analysis – Reply to de Camargo et al.

Wamai, Richard G.; Morris, Brian J.; Bailey, Robert C.; Klausner, Jeffrey D.; Boedicker, Mackenzie N.

doi:10.1080/17441692.2015.1014827

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…At present scholars and practitioners are moot on the issue; however, the empirical consensus is appearing to skew on the side of male circumcision being a protective factor. 30–32…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present scholars and practitioners are moot on the issue; however, the empirical consensus is appearing to skew on the side of male circumcision being a protective factor. [30][31][32] More positively, youth in sexually active relationships (cohabiting, dating, and married) are more likely to have accurate knowledge than single youth. This is encouraging as it suggests that sexually active youth are aware of HIV/ AIDS and that knowledge can be disseminated to their partners.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How Much Do They Know? An Analysis of the Accuracy of HIV Knowledge among Youth Affected by HIV in South Africa

Wet

Akinyemi

Odimegwu

2019

J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care

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HIV/AIDS prevalence rates in South Africa are among the highest in the world. The key to reducing transmission is the dissemination of accurate knowledge. Here, we investigate the accuracy of HIV/AIDS knowledge among youth affected by the disease. Data from the Fourth South African National HIV, Behaviour and Health Survey (2012) are used and a weighted sample of 4 095 447 youth (15-24 years old) who have known or cared for someone with HIV/AIDS are analyzed. Results show that more than one-third (40.37%) of youth in South Africa are affected by the disease. One-quarter of the affected youth have 75% accurate knowledge of the virus, while only 10% have 100% accurate knowledge. Rural place of residence (odds ratio [OR] = 0.61) and looking for work (OR = 0.39) are less likely to have accurate knowledge. Youth without disabilities (OR = 2.46), in cohabiting (OR = 1.69), and in dating (OR = 1.70) relationships are more likely to have accurate knowledge. In conclusion, in order to reduce HIV incidence and combat HIV myths, efforts to improve the accuracy of HIV knowledge among youth affected by the disease are needed. There should be more community-based campaigns to target unemployed youth in the country.

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“…At present scholars and practitioners are moot on the issue; however, the empirical consensus is appearing to skew on the side of male circumcision being a protective factor. 30–32…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Much Do They Know? An Analysis of the Accuracy of HIV Knowledge among Youth Affected by HIV in South Africa

Wet

Akinyemi

Odimegwu

2019

J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care

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“…In a recent Kenyan study the reduction was 50% . Criticisms of the RCT findings by MC opponents were shown by scientists and public health authorities to contain fundamental flaws . The suggestion that, once circumcised, men would forego condom use was contradicted by a recent meta‐analysis that found no difference in condom use for up to 2 years post‐MC …”

Section: Physical Harmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…206 Criticisms of the RCT findings by MC opponents [176][177][178][179][188][189][190][191][192] were shown by scientists and public health authorities to contain fundamental flaws. 56,[207][208][209][210][211][212][213][214][215][216][217][218][219][220][221][222][223] The suggestion that, once circumcised, men would forego condom use was contradicted by a recent meta-analysis that found no difference in condom use for up to 2 years post-MC. 224 Recent meta-analyses have shown HIV protective effects of MC in circumcised men of 70% (95% CI 0.24-0.38; P < .00001) 225 and 72%…”

Section: In Heterosexual Menmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Van Howe 2011, 184 Forbes 2011, 185 Cooper et al 2011, 222 Morris et al 2012 56 Paix 2011, 186 Travis et al 2011 187 Cooper et al 2011, 222 Morris et al 2012 56 Van Howe & Storms 2011 188 Morris et al 2011 211 de Camargo et al 2013 189 Wamai et al 2015 217 de Camargo et al 2015 190 Wamai et al 2015 218 Van Howe 2015 191 Morris et al 2018 220 Van Howe 2018 192 Morris et al 2017 221…”

Section: Critique(s) Of Each Respective Articleunclassified

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Critical evaluation of arguments opposing male circumcision: A systematic review

Morris

Moreton²,

Krieger

2019

J Evidence Based Medicine

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Objective To systematically evaluate evidence against male circumcision (MC). Methods We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE and Cochrane databases. Results Database searches retrieved 297 publications for inclusion. Bibliographies of these yielded 101 more. After evaluation we found: Claims that MC carries high risk were contradicted by low frequency of adverse events that were virtually all minor and easily treated with complete resolution. Claims that MC causes psychological harm were contradicted by studies finding no such harm. Claims that MC impairs sexual function and pleasure were contradicted by high‐quality studies finding no adverse effect. Claims disputing the medical benefits of MC were contradicted by a large body of high‐quality evidence indicating protection against a wide range of infections, dermatological conditions, and genital cancers in males and the female sexual partners of men. Risk‐benefit analyses reported that benefits exceed risks by 100‐200 to 1. To maximize benefits and minimize risks, the evidence supported early infant MC rather than arguments that the procedure should be delayed until males are old enough to decide for themselves. Claims that MC of minors is unethical were contradicted by balanced evaluations of ethical issues supporting the rights of children to be provided with low‐risk, high‐benefit interventions such as MC for better health. Expert evaluations of case‐law supported the legality of MC of minors. Other data demonstrated that early infant MC is cost‐saving to health systems. Conclusions Arguments opposing MC are supported mostly by low‐quality evidence and opinion, and are contradicted by strong scientific evidence.

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LETTER TO THE EDITOR: A response to Wamai et al.

Camargo¹,

Mendonça²,

Perrey³

et al. 2015

Global Public Health

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Debating male circumcision for HIV prevention: A one-sided argument does not represent a legitimate ‘controversy’ analysis – Reply to de Camargo et al.

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

How Much Do They Know? An Analysis of the Accuracy of HIV Knowledge among Youth Affected by HIV in South Africa

How Much Do They Know? An Analysis of the Accuracy of HIV Knowledge among Youth Affected by HIV in South Africa

Critical evaluation of arguments opposing male circumcision: A systematic review

LETTER TO THE EDITOR: A response to Wamai et al.

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