Death anxiety and its role in psychopathology: Reviewing the status of a transdiagnostic construct

Iverach, Lisa; Menzies, Ross G.; Menzies, Rachel E.

doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2014.09.002

Cited by 321 publications

(318 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…Accordingly, emotion regulation has been referred to as a transdiagnostic process (Aldao, 2012;Sloan & Kring, 2010), because many psychological disorders are characterized by problems related to emotion and emotion regulation (Werner & Gross, 2010). Transdiagnostic processes are common factors that cut across different disorders and that underlie their development and/or course (Iverach, Menzies, & Menzies, 2014;Sloan DOI: 10.21909/sp.2016.01.707 & Kring, 2010. Indeed, recent research on psychopathology has shifted away from analyzing factors that are specific to each individual psychological disorder to investigating common underlying dimensions of functioning (Caspi et al, 2014;Hong & Cheung, 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of Adaptive and Maladaptive Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies as Transdiagnostic Processes: Associations With Diverse Psychological Symptoms in College Students

Martins

Freire²,

Ferreira‐Santos³

2016

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Maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies have been reliably associated with psychopathology while lower consistency has been found for adaptive strategies. The extent to which adaptive strategies may function as protective factors was explored by analyzing how adaptive and maladaptive strategies relate to a diverse range of symptoms in 370 college students. We used the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), the Brief Symptom Inventory, and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. We developed a Portuguese version of CERQ. Different cognitive strategies predicted the nine psychological symptoms tested. At least one maladaptive strategy predicted each symptom dimension, while the same was not true for adaptive strategies. Our study supports: 1) cognitive emotion regulation as a transdiagnostic process tha t encompasses va riability in the strategies underlying specific symptoma tology; 2) that lower adaptive strategies sometimes predict psychological symptoms, but that higher maladaptive strategies are more consistently associated with psychopathology; 3) Portuguese CERQ's validity.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of Adaptive and Maladaptive Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies as Transdiagnostic Processes: Associations With Diverse Psychological Symptoms in College Students

Martins

Freire²,

Ferreira‐Santos³

2016

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“…Assessment processes that acknowledged the possible presence of such intense and unspecified fear, and then incorporated it into treatment planning, would differ from those based on the previous models described above. Treatment of fear is most commonly focused on specific events or objects, such as flying [63], spiders [64] or death [65], and uses extinction or exposure models. Because factor 1 in this study includes feeling afraid 'for no reason at all', treatment of this kind of fear via extinction or exposure models may be unsuccessful simply because there is no clear focus for those extinction or exposure procedures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and structure of anxiety-depression in an Australian community sample

Sharpley¹,

Bitsika²,

Jesulola³

et al. 2016

Arch Psych Psych

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SummaryAims: To describe the prevalence and factor structure of anxiety-depression in a community sample and to derive indicators for treatment planning.Method: A sample of 398 members of the electoral roll for the New England region of Australia were recruited at random and completed the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. Results:The prevalence of anxiety-depression was 28.1%, over twice that for either anxiety or depression alone. The anxiety-depression construct comprised four underlying factors: cognitive agitation and depressed mood, pessimism, cardiovascular reactivity, pain and sleep disturbance. There were different patterns of these four factors across anxiety-only, depression-only and combined anxiety-depression, with evidence of a unique symptomatological profile in participants with clinically significant levels of anxiety-depression. Conclusions:Treatment decisions for anxiety and depression need to go beyond consideration of the two disorders separately to include the underlying factor severity of the combined construct of anxiety-depression. community/mental health/factor analysis/anxiety-depression/anxiety-depression comorbidity Anxiety and depression are associated with increases in physical disease, relationship problems and cognitive difficulties [1] as well as elevated risk of suicide [2,3]. For example, anxiety can be a precursor of low-level illnesses acting via prolonged arousal of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis [4] and the cardiovascular, metabolic and immune systems [5]. Chronic anxiety has been demonstrated to precede emotional and behavioral problems such as demoralization, hostility and mistrust [6], impaired concentration, fatigue and confusion [7], and feelings of helplessness and depression [8]. It can also elevate the risk of physical problems such as coronary heart disease [9] and depletion of the immune system [10]. Depression is a major contributor to the total disease burden [11] and has greater adverse effects on personal health [12] and higher costs of care [13] than other chronic diseases. It is also associated with suicide in about 15% of all depressed patients [14] and carries a similar risk for mortality from all causes as does smoking, even when related health factors such as blood pressure, alcohol intake, cholesterol and social status are taken into account [15]. Recent meta-analytic data indicate that people with a mood disorder have a relative risk of mortality from all causes that is 1.86 times that for individuals without depression and that there are 2.74 million deaths annually from depression [16].

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“…It employs a true/false answer format. This scale was employed over other measures of death anxiety on the basis that it is one of the most frequently employed in previous research (see Iverach, Menzies, & Menzies, 2014 for review). Internal consistency was found to be good in the current sample ( = .70).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life is Good, But Death Ain’t Bad Either: Counter-Intuitive Implicit Biases to Death in a Normative Population

2015

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The current study explored implicit attitudes to life and death in a student population using both the Implicit Association Test (IAT) and the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP).The IAT was similar to one used in previously published researched in the context of the prospective prediction of suicide and self-harm. Two IRAPs were employed, one that assessed relational responses specific to death and life with respect to self, and a second that assessed relational responses specific to evaluations of death and life. The IAT replicated previous results found in normative populations. The IRAPs indicated "prolife" biases, as expected. However, they also failed to demonstrate the presence of strong "antideath" biases, and in one case a specific "death-positive" bias was found. The results observed on the explicit measures did not readily explain the absent or "prodeath" effects observed on the IRAPs. Indeed, participants reported a normative level of anxiety and fear of death. Implications for the study of implicit attitudes to death using the IRAP are considered.

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Death anxiety and its role in psychopathology: Reviewing the status of a transdiagnostic construct

Cited by 321 publications

References 130 publications

Examination of Adaptive and Maladaptive Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies as Transdiagnostic Processes: Associations With Diverse Psychological Symptoms in College Students

Examination of Adaptive and Maladaptive Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies as Transdiagnostic Processes: Associations With Diverse Psychological Symptoms in College Students

Prevalence and structure of anxiety-depression in an Australian community sample

Life is Good, But Death Ain’t Bad Either: Counter-Intuitive Implicit Biases to Death in a Normative Population

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