Dealloying-Derived Nanoporous Cu6Sn5 Alloy as Stable Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

The volume expansion during Li ion insertion/extraction remains an obstacle for the application of Sn-based anode in lithium ion-batteries. Herein, the nanoporous (np) Cu6Sn5 alloy and Cu6Sn5/Sn composite were applied as a lithium-ion battery anode. The as-dealloyed np-Cu6Sn5 has an ultrafine ligament size of 40 nm and a high BET-specific area of 15.9 m2 g−1. The anode shows an initial discharge capacity as high as 1200 mA h g−1, and it remains a capacity of higher than 600 mA h g−1 for the initial five cycles at 0.1 A g−1. After 100 cycles, the anode maintains a stable capacity higher than 200 mA h g−1 for at least 350 cycles, with outstanding Coulombic efficiency. The ex situ XRD patterns reveal the reverse phase transformation between Cu6Sn5 and Li2CuSn. The Cu6Sn5/Sn composite presents a similar cycling performance with a slightly inferior rate performance compared to np-Cu6Sn5. The study demonstrates that dealloyed nanoporous Cu6Sn5 alloy could be a promising candidate for lithium-ion batteries.

Porosity evolution and oxide formation in bulk nanoporous copper dealloyed from a copper–manganese alloy studied by in situ resistometry

“…Nanoporous copper electrodes exhibit a variety of potential applications in green and sustainable chemistry, e.g. as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, [10][11][12] as catalysts [13][14][15] and for sensors. 16 In the literature, synthesis of npCu from AlCu, [16][17][18][19][20] SnCu, 11 TiCu, 21 CeCu, 22 NiCu, 17 ZnCu 17,23,24 and CuMn [25][26][27] has been reported, whereby the resulting nanoporous structures differ greatly depending on experimental parameters and alloy composition.…”

“…as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, [10][11][12] as catalysts [13][14][15] and for sensors. 16 In the literature, synthesis of npCu from AlCu, [16][17][18][19][20] SnCu, 11 TiCu, 21 CeCu, 22 NiCu, 17 ZnCu 17,23,24 and CuMn [25][26][27] has been reported, whereby the resulting nanoporous structures differ greatly depending on experimental parameters and alloy composition. Among them, nanoporous copper from copper-manganese gained a lot of interest as it exhibits one of the largest differences in electrochemical potential (difference of 1.477 V between Mn/Mn 2+ and Cu/Cu 2+ ) 28 from the alloys mentioned above.…”

One-Step Synthesis of SnO2/Carbon Nanotube Nanonests Composites by Direct Current Arc-Discharge Plasma and Its Application in Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), as the growing popular power sources, have attracted considerable attention in portable electronic devices and are attractive to power electric vehicles [1][2][3][4][5].Therefore, developing new electrode materials and optimizing the preparation process are still hot issues in current research. To circumvent the low theoretical capacity (~372 mAh g −1 ), low energy and power density of traditional commercial graphite [6] and meet the demands of better performance (higher power and energy density, super-long cycle life and more excellent cycle stability) of LIBs, extensive efforts have been devoted to find new anode materials which have higher theoretical capacity and better cycling performance [7,8], such as silicon [9], metal oxides [10][11][12], alloys [13,14], carbon-based composite materials [15][16][17][18], etc.…”