Deafferentation in monkeys: Pointing at a target without visual feedback

Taub, Edward; Goldberg, Israel A.; Taub, Phyllis

doi:10.1016/0014-4886(75)90040-0

Cited by 158 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Under visual control, most of the laboratory tasks were almost normally performed, but move ments remained clumsy. In monkeys neither dorsal rhizotomies [Taub et al, 1975] nor dorsal column le sions lead to a profound change in motor perform ance. Therefore, it can be concluded that an essential part of movements is centrally programmed and not dependent on somatosensory feedback.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the Parietal Cortex for Sensorimotor Transformation

Pause¹,

Freund²

1989

Brain Behav Evol

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Somatosensory and motor functions of both hands were examined in 10 patients with unilateral parietal cortex lesions as revealed by computerized tomography. Tests of elementary somatosensory functions comprised surface sensibility, vibration, and position sense. For evaluation of complex somatosensory functions, the recognition of surface textures and object forms was tested. Motor performance was examined by measuring force and position control as well as manipulative and explorative motor behaviour. All patients showed varying degrees of sensory disturbance. Although the patients had no or minor paresis, they all had motor deficits concerning force control, fine movements, and manipulation with the hand contralateral to the lesion. Patients with more posteriorly located parietal lesions revealed predominantly severe disturbances of complex sensibility, precision grip, manipulation, and explorative finger movements. The characteristic and consistent feature of the disturbed motor behaviour was the loss of the purposive nature of the motor acts which were no longer adequate for the tasks (tactile apraxia). Paresis or ataxia could not account for these deficits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the Parietal Cortex for Sensorimotor Transformation

Pause¹,

Freund²

1989

Brain Behav Evol

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“…Numerous deafferentation studies have reported various degrees of motor deficit in humans (Nathan and Sears 1960;Rothwell et al 1982) and in animals (Mott and Sherrington 1895;Taub and Berman 1963;Taub et al 1975), thus emphasizing the importance of somatosensory afferent input in the performance of voluntary movements. On the other hand, it has been shown in man that movement can be controlled to a certain degree by central activation without sensory feedback (Lashley 1917).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Repeated maximal eccentric actions causes long-lasting disturbances in movement control

et al. 2004

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This study examined acute and long-lasting effects of fatigue and muscle damage on fast and accurate elbow flexion and extension target movements (TM) with eight male students. An isokinetic machine was used to perform 100 maximal eccentric and concentric elbow flexions at 4-week intervals. Movement range was 40-170 degrees in eccentric exercise (ECCE) and 170-40 degrees in concentric exercise (CONE), with an angular velocity of 2 rad s(-1). TM was performed in sitting position with the right forearm fixed to lever arm above protractor. Subjects performed TM in horizontal plane (amplitude 60 degrees ) by visual feedback of movement from a television monitor. Surface EMG was recorded from the biceps brachii and triceps brachii muscles. TM measurements and serum creatine kinase (CK) determinations were conducted before, after, 0.5 h, 2 days, and 7 days after both exercises. Blood lactate was taken before, after, and 0.5 h after the exercises. Both ECCE and CONE led to a large decline in maximal voluntary contractions, but the recovery was slower after ECCE when it remained incomplete even until day 7 post-exercise. Lactate increased (P < 0.001) similarly after both exercises. Delayed-onset muscle soreness peaked on day 2 and CK peaked on day 7 after ECCE. Exhaustive eccentric exercise of agonistic muscles impaired the flexion TM performance, and had a long-duration modulation effect on the triphasic EMG activity pattern of flexion and extension TM. In the acute phase, the observed changes in performance and in the EMG patterns are suggested to be related to metabolic changes via III and IV muscle afferents. The delayed recovery, on the other hand, may be related to problems in the proprioceptive feedback caused by muscle damage.

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“…In these studies, monkeys often quit using the insensate limb after multiple unsuccessful attempts. Consequently, to accomplish basic functional tasks, the monkeys learned compensatory techniques with the nonaffected arm, a phenomenon Taub and colleagues (28,29) referred to as learned nonuse. Taub and colleagues observed that successfully developing these compensatory strategies reinforced the nonuse of the affected limb.…”

Section: Historic Basis Of Constraint-induced Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%