Deadeye: A Novel Preattentive Visualization Technique Based on Dichoptic Presentation

Abstract

Preattentive visual features such as hue or flickering can effectively draw attention to an object of interest - for instance, an important feature in a scientific visualization. These features appear to pop out and can be recognized by our visual system, independently from the number of distractors. Most cues do not take advantage of the fact that most humans have two eyes. In cases where binocular vision is applied, it is almost exclusively used to convey depth by exposing stereo pairs. We present Deadeye, a novel preattentive visualization technique based on presenting different stimuli to each eye. The target object is rendered for one eye only and is instantly detected by our visual system. In contrast to existing cues, Deadeye does not modify any visual properties of the target and, thus, is particularly suited for visualization applications. Our evaluation confirms that Deadeye is indeed perceived preattentively. We also explore a conjunction search based on our technique and show that, in contrast to 3D depth, the task cannot be processed in parallel.

Photographic High-Dynamic-Range Scalar Visualization

“…Therefore, we performed a perception study to test whether glare is preattentive. Our study follows the typical design from state-of-the-art preattentive studies, for example, the one used in Deadeye [35], [36].…”

Deadeye Visualization Revisited: Investigation of Preattentiveness and Applicability in Virtual Environments

“…In this section, we briefly outline the key novelties to facilitate comprehension. Especially readers that are familiar with the basic idea of Deadeye [39] will find four key advances in this paper:…”

“…Before exploring the behavior of Deadeye [39] in a virtual, stereoscopic environment, we briefly introduce the essence of preattentive features and provide a motivation for such research. We will not go into detail regarding the basics of our visual system [32,55,83] in order to maintain focus on the visualization-related aspects.…”

“…In addition, studies by Gutwin et al [22] provide insights into performance differences of preattentive cues in the peripheral sight area. Note that Deadeye also suffers from decreasing performance in areas far from the focus point [39], and, if this aspect is of high importance (e.g., multimonitor setups), other cues such as motion or flickering should be favored instead.…”

“…On-screen text briefed the participants that they would see a series of static 3D scenes consisting of floating objects, and one of the objects might pop out. Each scene was shown for a split second, and, subsequently, participants would vote via yes and no buttons whether [39] for the 2D case. A repeated measures ANOVA shows no significant difference in accuracy between the sets, supporting our hypotheses that the transition to 3D scenes does not impact the performance of Deadeye and that our technique remains robust even in the presence of strong visual cues such as color or shape.…”