Deadeye Visualization Revisited: Investigation of Preattentiveness and Applicability in Virtual Environments

Abstract

Fig. 1. Left: Our experiments in VR with homogeneous and heterogeneous distractors, as we investigate the preattentiveness and robustness of Deadeye in such scenarios. Right: We demonstrate and evaluate volume rendering in VR as a possible real-world application scenario for our technique. Abstract-Visualizations rely on highlighting to attract and guide our attention. To make an object of interest stand out independently from a number of distractors, the underlying visual cue, e.g., color, has to be preattentive. In our prior work, we introduced Deadeye as an instantly recognizable highlighting technique that works by rendering the target object for one eye only. In contrast to prior approaches, Deadeye excels by not modifying any visual properties of the target. However, in the case of 2D visualizations, the method requires an additional setup to allow dichoptic presentation, which is a considerable drawback. As a follow-up to requests from the community, this paper explores Deadeye as a highlighting technique for 3D visualizations, because such stereoscopic scenarios support dichoptic presentation out of the box. Deadeye suppresses binocular disparities for the target object, so we cannot assume the applicability of our technique as a given fact. With this motivation, the paper presents quantitative evaluations of Deadeye in VR, including configurations with multiple heterogeneous distractors as an important robustness challenge. After confirming the preserved preattentiveness (all average accuracies above 90 %) under such real-world conditions, we explore VR volume rendering as an example application scenario for Deadeye. We depict a possible workflow for integrating our technique, conduct an exploratory survey to demonstrate benefits and limitations, and finally provide related design implications.

Immersive Analytics with Abstract 3D Visualizations: A Survey

“…Focusing on visual perception, Krekhov et al . [KCWK19] made use of the property of stereoscopic vision in VR for highlighting. In the technique ‘deadeye’ they propose, highlighting is achieved by displaying highlighted objects on one eye only, making their appearance more dominant to the observer.…”

“…For instance, Krekhov et al . [KCWK19] evaluated the deadeye highlighting technique, besides on others, on network visualizations.…”

Photographic High-Dynamic-Range Scalar Visualization

“…Therefore, we performed a perception study to test whether glare is preattentive. Our study follows the typical design from state-of-the-art preattentive studies, for example, the one used in Deadeye [35], [36].…”

Visual Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Records

“…例如, 使用颜 色和纹理对多维数据进行可视化 [27] . 近来, 通过 感知实验验证的特别设计的前注意视觉元素已被 运用在高动态范围标量数据可视化 [28] 和虚拟现实 环境中的可视化领域 [29][30] .…”