De-alcoholised white and red wines decrease inflammatory markers and NF-κB in atheroma plaques in apoE-deficient mice

Comparison between red wine and isolated trans-resveratrol on the prevention and regression of atherosclerosis in LDLr (−/−) mice

“…This protective activity was shown to be independent of any effects on lipid peroxidation, which was corroborated by others [49,50]. In a previous study carried out by our group, we showed that the intake of a wine with high in vitro antioxidant activity decreased MDA and increased protein expression of SOD in the liver of rats fed a high-fat diet, while CAT and GPx activities were increased after the intake of a wine with low antioxidant activity [51].…”

The Impact of Dietary Supplementation of Whole Foods and Polyphenols on Atherosclerosis

“…They also observed increased cholesterol and triacylglycerol excretion in the feces, furthering their position that improved cholesterol efflux was one of the main benefits of the treatment [133]. The dealcoholized wine [136] reduced plaque by reducing the adhesion molecules VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 and pathways including NF-κB, PI3K, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK), interferon type 1 (IFN-1), and IL-1β. Specifically, by reducing IL-1β, the dealcoholized wines inhibited the MCP1 pathway, which mediates leucocyte adhesion to the endothelial wall, thereby reducing macrophage infiltration through the arterial wall and subsequent plaque formation.…”

“…Yellow rice wine significantly decreased TC and LDL; it slightly reduced TG, however it was not significant. The rest of the polyphenol groups, including the pomegranate byproduct power/liquid, and juice [138,140], grape powder polyphenols [134], red wine grape pomace [135], and dealcoholized wines [136], had no effect on any lipid profile marker. Unfortunately, lipid profile was not assessed in the pomegranate byproduct of the leftover fruit study [139], so it cannot be compared to the other studies.…”

“…We found a total of eight studies fitting the search criteria. They included two grape-based studies (Niagara grape extract with vitamin E and grape powder polyphenols) [133,134], one red wine grape pomace (the remnants from juicing grapes for wine) study [135], one dealcoholized-red and white wine study [136], a yellow rice wine study (the phenolic composition of yellow rice is comparable to red wine and is therefore included in this section) [137], and three pomegranate [138][139][140] studies fitting the search criteria. These eight studies implemented different methods of supplementation; further differences are presented in Supplementary Table S1.…”

“…Of note, a concern was raised about the solubility of grape powder polyphenols in the drinking water used by Fuhrman et al, highlighting the importance of measuring the polyphenol content of the supplemented water the animals received [141]. Further, a reduction in plaque in the thoracic aorta was also observed with both red (62%) and white (30%) dealcoholized wine [136]. Additionally, the red wine reduced plaque by 16% in the aortic root.…”