DDT house spraying and re-emerging malaria

Dr, Roberts; Manguin, Sylvie; Mouchet, Jean

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)02516-2

Cited by 118 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Additional research is needed to understand and reduce exposure sources. Finally, given the potential for adverse health effects at the levels of DDT and DDE observed in our population and the possibility that public health uses may increase in some regions (Roberts et al, 2000), additional research is needed to quantify human exposures resulting from specific application methods (e.g., interior residual spraying, mosquito nets, broadcast applications) so that effective malaria control strategies can be employed that also minimize human exposure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors predicting organochlorine pesticide levels in pregnant Latina women living in a United States agricultural area

Bradman

Schwartz

Fenster

et al. 2006

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Organochlorine (OC) pesticide use was restricted starting in the 1970s in developed countries and the 1980s and 1990s in developing countries. Current exposure to OC pesticides -DDT, lindane (99% pure gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH)), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) -occurs on a limited basis. We measured p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDT, o,p′-DDT, HCB, beta (β)-HCH (the most persistent isomer of technical-grade HCH) and γ-HCH in serum from 426 low-income pregnant Latina women living in an agricultural community in California. Detection frequencies were 94-100%. Median levels (ng/g-lipid) of p,p′-DDE (1,052), p,p′-DDT (13), β-HCH (37) and HCB (65) were significantly higher than U.S. population levels. Multivariate analyses of p,p′-DDE, p,p ′-DDT, o,p′-DDT, β-HCH and HCB indicate that time spent living outside the United States and birthplace in an area of Mexico with recent use of OC pesticides were significant predictors of exposure. Time spent living in the United States was associated with increased serum levels of p,p ′-DDE and β-HCH, but the increase for each year lived in the United States was lower than for each year lived outside the United States. There was no difference between the increase of HCB levels over time spent in or outside the United States, suggesting current and thus preventable exposure routes. However, we observed no associations between serum levels of any OC compound and current intake of saturated fat or agricultural take-home exposure risk factors. Lactation history and recent weight gain were negatively associated with serum levels of some, but not all OC compounds studied. Smoking history was borderline associated with elevated HCB levels. We observed no significant associations with body mass index. Although the weight of evidence from this study indicates that most exposure occurred prior to moving to the United States, the results for HCB indicate the possibility of ongoing exposure in this country.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors predicting organochlorine pesticide levels in pregnant Latina women living in a United States agricultural area

Bradman

Schwartz

Fenster

et al. 2006

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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“…To ignore natural selection in designing campaigns to combat (re-)emerging diseases is therefore (as already stated) a serious mistake. The same conclusion can be drawn from the development of microbial resistance against antibiotics (Kristinsson et al 1992), the resistance of malaria mosquitoes against dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT; Coetzee et al 1999;Roberts et al 2000), the resistance of malaria parasites against chloroquine (Peters 1985;Conway and Roper 2000), and from many other examples. The challenge is to develop sustainable ways to control disease agents, and thereby take selection into account (Kolberg 1994).…”

Section: Discussion: Toward Virulence Managementmentioning

confidence: 82%

Taking Stock: Relating Theory to Experiment

Sabelis¹,

Metz²

2002

Adaptive Dynamics of Infectious Diseases

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“…Still, malaria is a serious public health problem in developing countries like those of Sub-Saharan Africa, leading to extensive mortality 81 . According to some authors, the malaria cases and deaths that could be averted by DDT far outweigh the health problems arising from its use 81,82,83 . Meanwhile, others have shown a clear concern over the future use of DDT (even if rationally applied) for vector control 34,77 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even intradomiciliary DDT spraying has its limitations 82 . However, in many places, especially in the Sub-Saharan countries, it is the best or even the only form of control 81 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DDT reintroduction for malaria control: the cost-benefit debate for public health

2007

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DDT is a persistent insecticide that was widely used in the world from the 1940s until the 70s, when it was banned in the United States and other countries. Most of its toxic effects are not observed in the acute forms, but particularly after chronic exposure. These long-term issues include reproductive effects, varying according to the time of life in which the individuals were exposed. The aims of the current study were to review the principal toxicological effects of DDT on reproduction, stratifying by physiological periods of exposure, and based on the magnitude of these effects, to discuss the cost-benefit relationship of reintroducing DDT with the specifically defined vector control criteria.

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DDT house spraying and re-emerging malaria

Cited by 118 publications

References 10 publications

Factors predicting organochlorine pesticide levels in pregnant Latina women living in a United States agricultural area

Factors predicting organochlorine pesticide levels in pregnant Latina women living in a United States agricultural area

Taking Stock: Relating Theory to Experiment

DDT reintroduction for malaria control: the cost-benefit debate for public health

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