DDT, DDD, and DDE in soil of Xiangfen County, China: Residues, sources, spatial distribution, and health risks

Ma, Jin; Pan, Libo; Yang, Xiao‐Yang; Liu, Xiaoling; Tao, Shi-yang; Zhao, Long; Qin, Xiaopeng; Sun, Zaijin; Hou, Hong; Zhou, Yongzhang

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.050

Cited by 55 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…P,p'-DDT was not detected in the lake sediments, which may be due to rapid degradation of DDT to DDD by reductive dechlorination under anaerobic conditions (Wedemeyer, 1966;Miles and Harris, 1973;Johnson et al, 1988;Pham et al, 1993;Pereira et al, 1996). Supporting this, in this study we nd DDD:DDE in the lake sediments are always greater than 1, indicating dominance of anaerobic conditions in the lake depositional environment (Zhang and Shan, 2014;Ma et al, 2016;Kurek et al, 2019). Other studies also report higher DDD than DDT and DDE in lake sediments, since anaerobic conditions are common in lake bottoms (Oliver et al, 1989;Muir et al, 1995;Bojakowska et al, 2012;Kurek et al, 2019).…”

Section: Persistencesupporting

confidence: 56%

Tracking Recent DDT Contamination in a Northern New England Watershed

May

Doner

Duncan

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Research on declines in loon populations at Squam Lake, New Hampshire, U.S.A., point to multiple potential causes since 2005, including dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). This study narrows down sources of DDT in a small sub-watershed by focusing mainly on collecting and analyzing soil and sediment samples, achieving rapid source area determination of DDT. We find presence of p,p’ isomers of DDT and DDE in the Bennett Brook sub-watershed arising from long-term soil and sediment storage of applications 60 years ago, plus a concentrated and current source area at a former barn. Highest concentrations, 723 μg/kg p,p’-DDT and 721 μg/kg p,p’-DDE, occur in the soils adjacent to the barn’s foundation remnants. DDT exceeds that of the metabolite, DDE, in many soils around Bennett Brook, including but not limited to the barn site. In soils where DDT>DDE, we infer mechanisms that delayed breakdown of DDT over the last 60 years. A Pb-210 dated lake sediment core, collected near the outlet of Bennet Brook, shows continuous accumulation of p,p’-DDE and p,p-DDD after 1951. These residuals likely derived from multiple sources within the sub-watershed, including orchard soils, the barn site, and from mobilized sediment deposits following extreme floods in the watershed. Although the DDT residues fall below mandatory soil remediation levels for the State of New Hampshire, Bennett Brook sediments exceed sediment quality guidelines for protection of aquatic life. Crayfish collected in Bennett Brook have significantly higher concentrations of p,p’-DDE than crayfish collected elsewhere in Squam Lake.

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Section: Persistencesupporting

confidence: 56%

Tracking Recent DDT Contamination in a Northern New England Watershed

May

Doner

Duncan

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…This difference is likely to be due the fact that DDT was banned in Thailand for almost 30 years, and also in Egypt but the potatoes are tuberous plants growing under the ground whereas the guava fruits are produced from a tree. It has been demonstrated that even when DDT was withdrawn from markets for a long time afterwards residues of DDT isomers and its metabolites are still frequently detected in the environmental regions such as soils, sediments and surface water (Fosu‐Mensah, Okoffo, Darko, & Gordon, ; Ma et al, ; Mansouri et al, ). In Thailand, DDT and its metabolites were scarcely detected in fruits and vegetables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food safety in Thailand 6: How to eat guava fruits safely? Effects of washing and peeling on removing pesticide residues in guava fruits

Wanwimolruk

Phopin

Wanwimolruk

2019

Journal of Food Safety

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“…ough the levels never exceeded the EU MRL, the presence of residues of DDT in these vegetables shows that farmers are still illegally applying this pesticide on their farms. Under anaerobic conditions, DDTdegrades slowly to DDD and to DDE under aerobic conditions [45][46][47][48]. DDE and DDD were not detected in any vegetable sample analyzed in this study.…”

Section: Ocps In Vegetablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Vegetables from Kumasi, Ghana

Bolor

Boadi

Borquaye

et al. 2018

Journal of Chemistry

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e use of organochlorine pesticides has been banned worldwide due to their toxicities. However, some farmers use them illegally because of their potency. e aim of this study was to assess the level of organochlorine pesticide (OCP) residues and the potential health risk associated with vegetables, soil, and groundwater obtained from farms in Ayigya, Nsenie, Gyenyase, and Kentinkrono in Kumasi, Ghana. A total of 15 samples were analyzed using a gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector. e highest mean concentration of 184.10 ± 12.11 µg/kg was recorded for methoxychlor in cabbage from Ayigya. Betahexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) recorded the lowest mean concentration of 0.20 ± 0.00 µg/kg in cabbage from Ayigya. e combined risk index showed significant health risk to children than adults. e soil samples mainly contained methoxychlor followed by dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), aldrin, and other OCPs. Concentrations of total HCHs, total DDTs, and total OCPs in the soil samples ranged from <0.01 to 49.00, <0.01 to 165.81, and <0.01 to 174.91 µg/kg, respectively. Among all HCH and DDT isomers, only β-HCH and p,p′-DDT were detected in some of the water samples. Carcinogenic risk values for β-HCH, aldrin, and p,p′ DDT in the groundwater were found to be >10 −6 , posing a potentially serious cancer risk to consumers. Moreover, the hazard quotients (HQs) of aldrin exceeded the threshold value of one, indicating that daily exposure is a potential concern.

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DDT, DDD, and DDE in soil of Xiangfen County, China: Residues, sources, spatial distribution, and health risks

Cited by 55 publications

References 18 publications

Tracking Recent DDT Contamination in a Northern New England Watershed

Tracking Recent DDT Contamination in a Northern New England Watershed

Food safety in Thailand 6: How to eat guava fruits safely? Effects of washing and peeling on removing pesticide residues in guava fruits

Human Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Vegetables from Kumasi, Ghana

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