Dc arc models and incident energy calculations

Ammerman, Ravel; Gammon, Tammy; Sen, P.K.; Nelson, John P.

doi:10.1109/pcicon.2009.5297174

Cited by 54 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Notice that the intersection of the surfaces shown in Figure 2 with the e-i plane results in the familiar two-dimensional arc stability diagram based only on resistive elements reported in the literature [1][2][3][4]. Therefore, the representation shown in Figure 2 is a generalization of this diagram to the case where an inductive component is present in the circuit.…”

Section: IImentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The electric arc between a pair of electrodes has been studied systematically for over a century [1][2][3][4] and several attempts have been made to condense the complex physical phenomena taking place at the arc gap into a representation amenable for use in electric circuit calculations. All circuit models proposed for an electric arc can be summarized in the following general relationship: P c dx e a bx i…”

Section: IImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, if α = 1, we obtain the equation first proposed by Ayrton [1][2][3][4] and still the most commonly used. It must be pointed out, however, that in general α may not be an integer and that it could even be negative, thus allowing equation (4) to describe in its form the whole range of possible arcs, from low current "silent" arcs to high current "hissing" arcs.…”

Section: IImentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Analytical description of a series fault on a dc bus

Gattozzi

Herbst

Uriarte

et al. 2012

2012 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: IImentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: IImentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: IImentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Analytical description of a series fault on a dc bus

Gattozzi

Herbst

Uriarte

et al. 2012

2012 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Previous work on DC arcs [11,12] has shown that an arc is a highly nonlinear system, with a non-constant resistance. The current-voltage properties of DC arcs for systems with copper electrodes and an air gap between 1 and 10 mm were investigated by Nottington et al and can be described by Eq.…”

Section: Equivalence Of Solid Ground Fault and Arcing Ground Faultmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photovoltaic ground fault and blind spot electrical simulations.

Flicker¹,

Johnson²

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ground faults in photovoltaic (PV) systems pose a fire and shock hazard. To mitigate these risks, AC-isolated, DC grounded PV systems in the United States use Ground Fault Protection Devices (GFPDs), e.g., fuses, to de-energize the PV system when there is a ground fault. Recently the effectiveness of these protection devices has come under question because multiple fires have started when ground faults went undetected. In order to understand the limitations of fuse-based ground fault protection in PV systems, analytical and numerical simulations of different ground faults were performed. The numerical simulations were conducted with Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (SPICE) using a circuit model of the PV system which included the modules, wiring, switchgear, grounded or ungrounded components, and the inverter. The derivation of the SPICE model and the results of parametric fault current studies are provided with varying array topologies, fuse sizes, and fault impedances. Closed-form analytical approximations for GFPD currents from faults to the grounded current carrying conductor-known as "blind spot" ground faults-are derived to provide greater understanding of the influence of array impedances on fault currents. The behavior of the array during various ground faults is studied for a range of ground fault fuse sizes to determine if reducing the size of the fuse improves ground fault detection sensitivity. The results of the simulations show that reducing the amperage rating of the protective fuse does increase fault current detection sensitivity without increasing the likelihood of nuisance trips to a degree. Unfortunately, this benefit reaches a limit as fuses become smaller and their internal resistance increases to the point of becoming a major element in the fault current circuit.4

show abstract

“…Particularly, arc flash can cause substantial injury to employees working on or near electrical equipment and can create further damage to the system. Thus, it is important to identify arc flash risk levels within the DC system and to adopt the necessary safety measures [163]- [165]. Moreover, the concern regarding retained charges on equipment and power lines is more significant for DC systems than it has been for AC [165].…”

Section: Personal Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Energy Storage Implementation in DC and AC Power System for Efficiency, Power Quality and Reliability Improvements

Farhadi¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dc arc models and incident energy calculations

Cited by 54 publications

References 10 publications

Analytical description of a series fault on a dc bus

Analytical description of a series fault on a dc bus

Photovoltaic ground fault and blind spot electrical simulations.

Hybrid Energy Storage Implementation in DC and AC Power System for Efficiency, Power Quality and Reliability Improvements

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About