Dating Faults

Lyons, John B.; SNELLENBURG, JONATHAN

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[1749:df]2.0.co;2

Cited by 55 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…Thus, formation time of the authigenic illite in a fault gouge can be correlated with periods of motion along the fault (e.g. Lyons and Snellenburg 1971;Kralik et al 1987).…”

Section: Mineralogy and K-ar Dating Of Fault Gougesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exhumation and uplift of the Sierras Pampeanas: preliminary implications from K–Ar fault gouge dating and low-T thermochronology in the Sierra de Comechingones (Argentina)

Löbens

Bense

Wemmer

et al. 2010

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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The Sierras Pampeanas in central and northwestern Argentina constitute a distinct morphotectonic feature between 27°S and 33°S. The last stage of uplift and deformation in this area are interpreted to be closely related to the Andean flat-slab subduction of the Nazca plate beneath the South American plate. K-Ar fault gouge dating and low-temperature thermochronology along two transects within the Sierra de Comechingones reveal a minimum age for the onset of brittle deformation about 340 Ma, very low exhumation rates since Late Paleozoic time, as well as a total exhumation of about 2.3 km since the Late Cretaceous. New Ar-Ar ages (7.54-1.91 Ma) of volcanic rocks from the San Luis volcanic belt support the eastward propagation of the flat-slab magmatic front, confirming the onset of flat-slab related deformation in this region at 11.2 Ma. Although low-temperature thermochronology does not clearly constrain the signal of the Andean uplift, it is understood that the current structural relief related to the Comechingones range has been achieved after the exhumation of both fault walls (circa 80-70 Ma).

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“…Thus, formation time of the authigenic illite in a fault gouge can be correlated with periods of motion along the fault (e.g. Lyons and Snellenburg 1971;Kralik et al 1987).…”

Section: Mineralogy and K-ar Dating Of Fault Gougesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exhumation and uplift of the Sierras Pampeanas: preliminary implications from K–Ar fault gouge dating and low-T thermochronology in the Sierra de Comechingones (Argentina)

Löbens

Bense

Wemmer

et al. 2010

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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“…Especially the fine-grained nature of synkinematically grown minerals and incomplete isotopic resetting of inherited minerals in low-temperature shallow crustal fault rocks have presented a challenge to the absolute dating approach. However, since Lyons & Snellenburg (1971) successfully applied K-Ar dating to fine fractions separated from fault gouge and thereby demonstrated the potential of the method, both K-Ar and Ar-Ar dating have been used to investigate faults from as young as Neogene (Haines & van der Pluijm, 2010;Zwingmann et al, 2010b) to as old as Neoproterozoic (Viola et al, 2013). In this contribution we apply KAr geochronology of illite-bearing fine fractions from incohesive fault rocks to date faults from the Bergen area Fossen et al, 2016 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Caledonian brittle deformation in the Bergen area, West Norway: results from K–Ar illite fault gouge dating

Ksienzyk¹,

Wemmer²,

Jacobs³

et al. 2016

NJG

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Post-Caledonian extension during orogenic collapse and Mesozoic rifting in the West Norway-northern North Sea region was accommodated by the formation and repeated reactivation of ductile shear zones and brittle faults. Offshore, the Late Palaeozoic-Mesozoic rift history is relatively well known; extension occurred mainly during two rift phases in the Permo-Triassic (Phase 1) and Mid-Late Jurassic (Phase 2). Normal faults in the northern North Sea, e.g., on the Horda Platform, in the East Shetland Basin and in the Viking Graben, were initiated or reactivated during both rift phases. Onshore, on the other hand, information on periods of tectonic activity is sparse as faults in crystalline basement rocks are difficult to date. KAr dating of illite that grows synkinematically in fine-grained fault rocks (gouge) can greatly help to determine the time of fault activity, and we apply the method to nine faults from the Bergen area. The K-Ar ages are complemented with X-ray diffraction analyses to determine the mineralogy, illite crystallinity and polytype composition of the samples. Based on these new data, four periods of onshore fault activity could be defined: (1) the earliest growth of fault-related illite in the Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous (>340 Ma) marks the waning stages of orogenic collapse; (2) widespread latest Carboniferous-Mid Permian (305-270 Ma) fault activity is interpreted as the onset of Phase 1 rifting, contemporaneous with rift-related volcanism in the central North Sea and Oslo Rift; (3) a Late Triassic-Early Jurassic (215-180 Ma) period of onshore fault activity postdates Phase 1 rifting and predates Phase 2 rifting and is currently poorly documented in offshore areas; and (4) Early Cretaceous (120-110 Ma) fault reactivation can be linked either to late Phase 2 North Sea rifting or to North Atlantic rifting.

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“…The absolute age of final movement along faults may be determined also by applying K-At techniques to the illitic fraction of fault gouges. Lyons and Snellenburg (1971) applied K-Ar techniques to illitic materials as a method to determine the ages of the last movement along fault planes. Although fault-gouge illite may be contaminated by admixtures of detrital illite and micas, illite from fault gouges has been shown to yield an absolute age in close agreement with geologically inferred dates of the termination of faulting (Lyons and Snellenburg, 1971;Kralik et al, 1987;Tanaka et al, 1995).…”

Section: Implications For Fault Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lyons and Snellenburg (1971) were the first to determine the absolute age of last motion along the faults by using K-Ar techniques on the authigenic illitic fraction in fault gouges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Clay Minerals in Gouges of the Dongrae Fault, Southeastern Korea, and Implications for Fault Activity

Choo¹,

Chang

2000

Clays and clay miner.

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Abstract--The Dongrae fault within the Yangsan fault system is considered one of the major faults in the southeastern part of Korea, extending over 150 km. The results of K-Ar radiogenic dating of fault gouges collected from six localities show a relatively wide range in age from 57.5 million years ago (Ma) to 40.3 Ma. Fault gouges are composed of newly formed minerals, including smectite, illite, zeolite, kaolinite, K-rich feldspar, apatite, and pyrite. The occurrence of abundant smectite and illite-lM d with lesser quantifies of zeolite suggests that the fault gouges experienced hydrothermal alteration at low temperatures. Smectite is probably unstable relative to other clay minerals, such as illite and zeolite. Considering that filiform mordenite is replacing the smectite, we suggest that mordenite formed by recrystallization involving a solid-state transformation. Under high fluid/rock ratios, smectite seems to have formed in the early stage of alteration. In contrast, zeolite minerals and authigenic K-rich feldspar progressively appeared with time as the fluid/rock ratio decreased with the changing chemistry of the hydrothermal fluids. The composition of clay minerals in the gouge materials probably was controlled by the chemistry and the amount of circulating fluids derived from adjacent granitic rocks.

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Dating Faults

Cited by 55 publications

References 0 publications

Exhumation and uplift of the Sierras Pampeanas: preliminary implications from K–Ar fault gouge dating and low-T thermochronology in the Sierra de Comechingones (Argentina)

Exhumation and uplift of the Sierras Pampeanas: preliminary implications from K–Ar fault gouge dating and low-T thermochronology in the Sierra de Comechingones (Argentina)

Post-Caledonian brittle deformation in the Bergen area, West Norway: results from K–Ar illite fault gouge dating

Characteristics of Clay Minerals in Gouges of the Dongrae Fault, Southeastern Korea, and Implications for Fault Activity

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