Dating a Chalcolithic Burial Cave in Peqi'in, Upper Galilee, Israel

Segal, Dror; Carmi, Israel; Gal, Zvi; Smithline, Howard; Shalem, Dina

doi:10.1017/s0033822200018658

Cited by 24 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…8B), the Cave of the Sandal (Segal, Kamenski, & Merkel, 2002), Qarantal (Segal, 2002), and the Lahat Cave (I. Gilead, personal communication); in Palmahim on the coastal plain (Gophna & Lifshitz, 1980), in the Nahal Qanah Cave and Giv'at Ha Oranim in the western foothills of the Samarian anticline (Gopher & Tsuk, 1996:114-115;Namdar et al, 2004), and in the Peqi'in Cave in the Galilee (Gal, Smithline, & Shalem, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The location of specialized copper production by the lost wax technique in the Chalcolithic southern Levant

Goren

2008

Geoarchaeology

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The origins of southern Levantine Chalcolithic copper metallurgy have been debated for decades. Typological and metallurgical examinations of the copper artifacts from the Nahal Mishmar hoard and elsewhere have indicated a dichotomy between simple tools, made of pure copper by open casting, and elaborate items made by the "lost wax" technique of copper alloys with arsenic, antimony, and nickel. While the first were considered local production of the northern Negev sites, the prestige objects were either considered as imports from the remote sources of arsenic copper, or local to the southern Levant. The present paper presents the results of a research project that was aimed at examining this issue through the analysis of ceramic mold remains that were still attached to a large number of copper implements from Israel. The En Gedi area in the Judean Desert of Israel is identified as the place of origin of all copper objects produced by this method. Based on the results, some new interpretations are suggested to the complex topic of Chalcolithic copper metallurgy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The location of specialized copper production by the lost wax technique in the Chalcolithic southern Levant

Goren

2008

Geoarchaeology

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“…The chronology of the Ghassulian culture, which is based on numerous 14 C dates from settlements and burial grounds, is an extensively debated topic (Aardsma 2001;Bourke 2007;Bourke et al 2001;Levy 2001, 2011;Carmi and Boaretto 2004;Fabian, Scheftelowitz, and Gilead 2015;Gilead 1994;Levy and Burton 2006;Segal et al 1998;Shalem, Gal, and Smithline 2013;Weinstein 1984). Going into the details of the debate is beyond the scope of the present paper.…”

Section: Ghassulian Ritual Practices: the Chronological Aspectmentioning

confidence: 93%

Temples in the Ghassulian Culture: Terminology and social implications

Gošić

2016

EAP / IEA

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Archaeological discussions on prehistoric ritual are largely concerned with their material remains, including architectural debris. The first step in interpretation of such remains is their precise identification and categorization. There are numerous terms for objects and architectural remains that are widely utilized in the archaeological jargon, including, but not limited to, the terms temple, sanctuary and shrine. During almost a century of studying the Chalcolithic Ghassulian culture of the southern Levant, various architectural structures excavated at the sites of Teleilat Ghassul, Gilat and En Gedi have all been interpreted as temples, sanctuaries, or shrines -terms that in case of the Ghassulian culture are used as synonymous of temples. However, the actual architectural remains from these sites differ significantly and explicit definitions on what is meant by the terms used are rare. Apart from demonstrating the importance of properly defining a term in a context in which it is used, the aim of the present paper is to compare these various architectural remains, as well as various interpretations of Ghassulian society and the role the presumed temples played in them. This will be the basis for evaluating how classifying archaeological structures as temples has influenced interpretations of Ghassulian social organization.

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“…Very few burial caves have been found outside these boundaries, and worth mentioning is the site of Peqi'in in the Upper Galilee (Gal et al, 1997(Gal et al, , 1999. In a recent survey carried out further inland, in the karstic regions of Jordan, no Chalcolithic burial caves were found (Lovell, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of special interest are the burial caves of Peqi'in (Gal et al, 1997) and Nahal Qanah (Gopher and Tsuk, 1991), both of which contain mortuary assemblage with some unique findings. The most richly decorated ossuaries are those of Peqi'in, including painted faces on façades and lids with human facial features and three dimensional heads (Gal et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%