Database on mycosporines and mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) in fungi, cyanobacteria, macroalgae, phytoplankton and animals

Sinha, Rajeshwar P.; Singh, Shailendra P.; Häder, Donat‐P.

doi:10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2007.07.006

Cited by 277 publications

(222 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…Until now, cyanobacteria were supposed to produce mycosporinelike compounds in cyanolichens [10]. Thus far, mycosporines 1 and 2 and their glycolysed derivates have been described in various terrestrial ascomycetous fungi [18][19][20][21]. In addition, compound 1 has also been detected in the terrestrial cyanobacteria Leptolyngbya sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycosporine-Like Compounds in Chlorolichens: Isolation from Dermatocarpon luridum and Dermatocarpon miniatum, and their Photoprotective Properties

et al. 2015

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!Two mycosporines were isolated for the first time in two chlorolichen species, Dermatocarpon luridum and Dermatocarpon miniatum. Mycosporine glutaminol (1) and mycosporine glutamicol (2) were isolated along with the ethyl ester of mycosporine glutamicol (3), which was formed during the purification process. Aqueous extracts and pure mycosporines were then investigated for their antioxidant activities and photoprotective properties along with their photostability and photocytotoxicity. Semi-purified mycosporine fractions were much more antioxidant than lichen aqueous crude extracts. Compound 3 (IC 50 = 4.00 µg/mL) was found to be as active as quercetin (IC 50 = 6.75 µg/mL), while the two genuine mycosporines 1 and 2 exhibited moderate activity. The three mycosporines were found to be stable until 5J/ m 2 UVA and UVB radiations whereas Trolox, used as a positive control, was degraded up to 10% and 19 %, respectively. Moreover, these mycosporines and semi-purified extracts did not induce any phototoxicity on HaCaT cells exposed to UVA radiations. Key wordsDermatocarpon luridum · Dermatocarpon miniatum · Verrucariaceae · lichen · mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) · photoprotectioncrude aqueous extract of D. luridum DL2:semi-purified aqueous extract of D. luridum DM1:crude aqueous extract D. miniatum DM2:semi-purified aqueous extract of D. miniatum MAAs:mycosporine-like amino acids PDA:photodiode array PIF:photo-irritancy factors Supporting information available online at http://www.thieme-connect.de/productsMycosporine-like compounds comprising mycosporines and MAAs have received much attention for their putative role in UV photoprotection as antioxidants and osmoprotectants [1][2][3][4]. Mycosporine-like compounds are small water-soluble molecules composed of cyclohexenone (oxo-mycosporine) or cyclohexenimine (imino-mycosporine) ring structures conjugated to an amino acid or an amino alcohol subunit. They are characterized by a unique strong peak in the wavelength range of 310-365 nm (ε = 28 000-50 000 M −1 · cm −1 ). About 40 mycosporines and derivatives have been described so far, and some of them are substituted with functional groups or are covalently bound to saccharidic units [5][6][7][8]. Such UV-absorbing compounds are distributed in taxonomically diverse organisms of terrestrial, marine, or freshwater origin [9]. More recently, the distribution of mycosporinelike compounds has been reported in cyanolichens (symbiotic organisms resulting from an association between a fungus and a cyanobacterium) [10,11]. Although chlorolichens correspond to 90 % of lichen species, mycosporine-like compounds have not yet been described in chlorolichens in which cyanobacteria are replaced by green algae. Their secondary metabolite profile is generally characterized by a variety of specific phenolic compounds, and most of them have UV absorbing properties [2,12]. A previous phytochemical screening revealed that chlorolichens belonging to the Dermatocarpon genus (Verrucariaceae) did not contain the usual lichen subs...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycosporine-Like Compounds in Chlorolichens: Isolation from Dermatocarpon luridum and Dermatocarpon miniatum, and their Photoprotective Properties

et al. 2015

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“…Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are intracellular water soluble colorless compounds found in many marine and freshwater organisms [70]. Freshwater microalga Aphanizomenon flosaquae is a good example which contains MAAs.…”

Section: Mycosporine-like Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications for Marine Resources in Cosmetics

2017

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Abstract:Marine resources represent an interesting source of active ingredients for the cosmetics industry. Algae (macro and micro) are rich in proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins (A, B, and C) and oligo-elements such as copper, iron and zinc. All those active principles play roles in hydration, firming, slimming, shine and protection. Marine organisms inhabit a wide spectrum of habitats. Photo-protective compounds can be obtained from organisms subjected to strong light radiation, such as in tropical systems or in shallow water. In the same way, molecules with antioxidant potential can be obtained from microorganisms inhabiting extreme systems such as hydrothermal vents. For example, marine bacteria collected around deep-sea hydrothermal vents produce complex and innovative polysaccharides in the laboratory which are useful in cosmetics. There are many properties that will be put forward by the cosmetic industries.

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“…MAAs had been shown to regulate intestinal epithelial cell differentiation and cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6) production [21]. Increased cytokine production, NF-κB activation induced a proliferative effect on epithelial intestinal cells and protect them in experimental colitis secondary to dextran sulphate sodium [22][23][24][25][26]. In vivo experiments showed antiinflammatory effect of MAAs, indicating that they can reinforce membrane barrier function [27][28].…”

Section: Mycosporin-like Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Fortified Bifidobacterium with Mycosporin-like Amino Acid be a New Insight for Neurological Disease' s Treatment?

Bozkurt¹,

Kara²

2018

Autism Open Access

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Gastrointestinal microbiota includes bacteria, archaea, viruses, fungi and other eukaryotes. The genus Bifidobacterium is considered the dominant once; it has an important role on immunologic, hormonal and metabolic homeostasis of the host. Recent studies demonstrated that the Mycosporin-like Amino Acids (MAAs) had prebiotic effects and they modulated host immunity by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells, macrophage and lymphocytes. Also MAAs modulate NF-κB and tryptophan metabolism. Modulation NF-κB and tryptophan metabolism induced a beneficial effect on central nervous cascade. The safety of Bifidobacterium species is known; although they do not produce MAAs, their presence is required for immunological response continuity of intestine. Thereby we hypothesize that if we could create Bifidobacteria species producing MAAs via genetic engineering; they might have stronger immuno-stimulatory properties and might be used as more potent pharmacological agents in neurological diseases secondary to impaired microbiota.

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Database on mycosporines and mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) in fungi, cyanobacteria, macroalgae, phytoplankton and animals

Cited by 277 publications

References 117 publications

Mycosporine-Like Compounds in Chlorolichens: Isolation from Dermatocarpon luridum and Dermatocarpon miniatum, and their Photoprotective Properties

Mycosporine-Like Compounds in Chlorolichens: Isolation from Dermatocarpon luridum and Dermatocarpon miniatum, and their Photoprotective Properties

Applications for Marine Resources in Cosmetics

Can Fortified Bifidobacterium with Mycosporin-like Amino Acid be a New Insight for Neurological Disease' s Treatment?

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