Data-Informed and Place-Based Violent Crime Prevention: The Kansas City, Missouri Risk-Based Policing Initiative

Caplan, Joel M.; Kennedy, Leslie W.; Drawve, Grant; Baughman, Jonas H.

doi:10.1177/10986111211003205

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 64 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, improved lighting at grocery or convenience stores that intersect with high-risk places could deter potential criminals from these locations. Additionally, place management in these same target areas in the form of directed patrols and business checks can lead to a reduction in violent crime (Caplan et al, 2021). Place-based solutions which address the environmental issues contributing to violent gun crime such as those previously mentioned will in turn mitigate the potential for future OIS events in those locations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of the Environment on Officer-Involved Shootings

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research on officer-involved shootings has covered many methods and designs, with a majority focusing on macro-level approaches to understanding the shooting event. Research designs which incorporate place are limited, but what does exist demonstrates the relevance of the micro-environment to contextualize the many factors which give rise to the shooting event. This research further explores the importance of the micro-environment by examining how crime generators and attractors, conceptualized as the built environment, can be utilized to understand where police officers are more likely to discharge their weapon. Data on police shootings in Philadelphia, PA which occurred between 2015 and 2019, along with data describing the environmental landscape of the city are used in conjunction with variables previously determined to be related to shooting events. This analysis uses a three-pronged approach to understanding the relevance of the micro-environment in officer-involved shootings. Results indicate that the most important predictor of police shootings are levels of violent crime. Violent crime rates, in turn, are significantly related to the built environment. The built environment, then, has an indirect relationship to the places where police are most likely to discharge their weapon which is mediated through the violent crime rate.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of the Environment on Officer-Involved Shootings

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, Weisburd (2011) argued the nature of problems underlying certain crime hot spots mean entities other than the police may be best positioned to promote public safety in the area. To our knowledge, the most recent empirical evaluation in support of this perspective is the study by Caplan et al (2021), which found an intervention that leveraged a range of municipal agencies alongside policeincluding the transit authority, fire department, and code enforcement-generated significant crime reductions within target areas in Kansas City. These types of strategies fit into the original vision of problem-oriented policing advanced by Goldstein (1979Goldstein ( , 1990, which contended that many crime problems can be handled through strategic partnerships with community, not-forprofit, and other government agencies.…”

Section: Police Defundingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the Seattle Police‐Free CHOP zone on crime: A microsynthetic control evaluation

Piza

Connealy

2022

Criminology & Public Policy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research Summary Nightly confrontations occurred between protestors and officers outside of the Seattle Police Department's (SPD's) East precinct in the aftermath of George Floyd's murder. On June 8, 2020, the SPD abandoned the East precinct in an attempt to calm the situation. Following closure of the precinct, the Capitol Hill Occupation Protest (CHOP) took hold in the surrounding 6‐block area. The CHOP occupation lasted until July 1, 2020. Over this time period, CHOP operated as an autonomous zone, with police officers not patrolling and generally not responding to calls for police service within the area. We used the microsynthetic control group method to analyze the effect of CHOP on crime during the 24‐day occupation. Results indicate crime significantly increased in the CHOP zone, the encompassing two‐block area, and the overall East precinct service area. Policy Implications The current study found comparatively stronger effects than the general literature on depolicing. The significant crime increase is particularly noteworthy given the short time frame of the CHOP occupation and retreat of police from the area theoretically making it more challenging for crimes to be reported by citizens and/or proactively discovered by officers. This suggests that police abolition, the most extreme form of the police defunding movement, may significantly compromise public safety. Moving forward, a prudent policy solution may be to simultaneously support the evidence‐based crime prevention work of police and community‐based institutions. Such an approach may achieve currently desired policing reforms without risking crime spikes that can result from drastic reductions of police presence. Wide‐scale adoption of evidence‐based policing may provide a vehicle for such meaningful, long‐term reform.

show abstract

“…In some studies, prospective hot spot methods such as kernel density estimation (KDE) and risk terrain modeling (RTM) were used to analyze and map crime concentrations (Carter et al, 2021;Gerell, 2016;Lum et al, 2011;Mazeika, 2014). These methods differ from retrospective hot spot methods as they create a dynamic aggregation of crime risk zones centered around each criminal incident, providing a more short-term and forward-looking perspective (Caplan et al, 2021;Kennedy et al, 2022).…”

Section: Interpreting the Criminal Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Led by Intelligence': A Scoping Review on the Experimental Evaluation of Intelligence-Led Policing

Khalfa,

Hardyns

2023

Eval Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Intelligence-led policing (ILP) was introduced in the 1990s as a proactive approach to policing, but to date, there is a lack of studies that have synthesized and summarized the central characteristics and insights of (quasi-)experimental studies related to ILP. This study aims to address this gap by synthesizing and characterizing the central characteristics of 38 quasi-experimental and experimental studies related to ILP. In this study, a scoping review is conducted on different quasi-experimental and experimental studies that relate to the framework of ILP. It was found that most studies within the domain of ILP focus on testing the crime reduction effects of using spatio-temporal crime intelligence to deploy police resources more efficiently and effectively. However, some studies have combined different types of crime intelligence or used solely offender-related intelligence. Several statistical-methodological challenges were also identified that should be considered when designing experimental research within the domain of ILP. Additionally, most studies focused solely on measuring crime reduction, with few focusing on secondary effects of interventions. The review concludes that future evaluation studies should consider evaluating the use of different types of crime intelligence and establish specific, objective, and realistic criteria for measuring specific performance measures such as crime disruption. Future experimental research within the domain of ILP should consider applying the 3-i model, evaluating each leg of ILP thoroughly. The limitations of the study are also discussed. This review provides valuable insights for future research and development of ILP-related approaches.

show abstract

Data-Informed and Place-Based Violent Crime Prevention: The Kansas City, Missouri Risk-Based Policing Initiative

Cited by 12 publications

References 64 publications

The Influence of the Environment on Officer-Involved Shootings

The Influence of the Environment on Officer-Involved Shootings

The effect of the Seattle Police‐Free CHOP zone on crime: A microsynthetic control evaluation

‘Led by Intelligence': A Scoping Review on the Experimental Evaluation of Intelligence-Led Policing

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About