Data Analysis of Beach Sands’ Chemical Analysis Using Multivariate Statistical Methods and Heavy Metal Distribution Maps: The Case of Moonlight Beach Sands, Kemer, Antalya, Turkey

Yalçın, Fusun

doi:10.3390/sym12091538

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Actually, geochemical baseline studies in areas that are similar to ours, i.e., sandy beaches preserved from direct impacts, are very few, as most beaches suffer intense anthropogenic pressure (Orani et al, 2018;Ekoa Bessa et al, 2020). Only two beaches had results that indicated an unpolluted environment: one on the coast of Turkey (Yalcin, 2020) and another on the coast of India (Vineethkumar et al, 2020).…”

Section: Indexesmentioning

confidence: 61%

Baseline Study of Trace Element Concentrations in Sediments of the Intertidal Zone of Amazonian Oceanic Beaches

et al. 2021

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Analyzing the presence and quantifying trace elements is of paramount importance to understand natural environmental processes and monitor the degree of anthropogenic disturbance to mitigate impacts already caused. Here, we aimed to establish a baseline of the trace elements profile and concentrations in sandy sediments of intertidal areas of three Amazonian beaches (Brazil). For each beach, sediments were collected from three different sectors (south, center, and north) and five shoreline distance levels (from the high- to the low-water mark), totalizing 15 samples per beach. The concentration of the different trace elements (Mg, Al, P, S, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Br, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Cd, Sn, I, Hg, and Pb) was determined by Total reflection X-ray Fluorescence spectrometry. Sediment was also characterized for its grain size, organic matter, and pH. To assess possible enrichment due to anthropogenic activities we compared trace element levels with the values for the Earth’s crust and calculated pollution indexes: geoaccumulation index (Igeo), ecological risk index (RI), contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI), and sediment quality guideline (SQG), threshold effects level (TEL) and probable effects level (PEL). Individual trace metal concentrations did not vary significantly between beaches, sectors, or sample levels, evidencing a homogeneity of trace elements composition and concentrations across this environment. Igeo indicated 62.2% of the sampling stations uncontaminated, 20.0% from uncontaminated to moderately contaminated, and 4.44% (two sampling stations) strongly contaminated, the same two areas classified as high ecological risk by RI. Most of the sampling points presented low CF. Cadmium and Hg were the only elements that showed moderate to very high values of CF. According to the SQGs, 77.7 and 8.8% of the sampling points presented values above the moderate threshold effect level (SQG-TEL) and probable effect level (SQG-PEL), respectively. All points were classified as non-polluted according to the PLI. Our results show that the three beaches present safe levels of almost of the elements demonstrating the good state of preservation. Most of the indexes classified the sampling points as non-polluted, except for Cd and Hg in a few specific sampling points.

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Section: Indexesmentioning

confidence: 61%

Baseline Study of Trace Element Concentrations in Sediments of the Intertidal Zone of Amazonian Oceanic Beaches

et al. 2021

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“…Göl, Niğde sanayisinin içinden geçen Niğde deresinin suyunun aktığı, Niğde ili arıtma tesislerinin suyunun aktığı, arıtılmış organize sanayi atık sularının deşarj edildiği ve göçmen kuşların uğradığı bir göl olması bakımından önem kazanmıştır İnceleme alanından alınan örnekler, gölün rezervuar sahasından (göl tabanından) yaklaşık 10 cm derinliğe kadar ki alandan sistematik olarak 31 adet toprak örneği alınmış ve standart kimyasal XRF analizleri yapılarak veriler oluşturulmuştur. Örnek alımında ve kimyasal analiz işleminde, uluslararası dergilerde kabul görmüş olan metotlar uygulanmıştır (Yalcin ve ark., 2016;Yalcin 2020). Örnekler, agat havanda homojenize edilmiş, 32 mm çapında çift taraflı pellet olarak hazırlanmış ve daha sonra Spectro Xepos Bechtop X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF) ile elektronik kontrol sisteminde element içeriklerine bakılmıştır.…”

Section: İnceleme Alanı Ve öRneklemeunclassified

“…Basıklık (kurtosis) = 3 ise mezokortikal eğri gözlenir; basıklık> 3 ise leptokurtik bir eğri görülür; basıklık <3 ise platikurtik eğri oluşur (Chen ve ark., 2008;Luo ve ark., 2010;Yalcin ve ark., 2016;Yalcin ,2020;Li ve ark., 2020 Yüksek pozitif korelasyon ilişkisi gösteren elementlerin, özellikle ağır metallerin (Al ile Fe, Mg, K, Co, V, Cu, As, Ni, Zn ve Pb arasındaki ilişki; Fe ile Mg, Si, K, Co, V, Cu, As, Ni, Zn ve Pb arasındaki ilişki) benzer davranışlar sergiledikleri ve aynı ortamlardan kaynaklandığı söylenebilir. Yüksek düzeyde negatif korelasyon ilişkisi gösteren elementlerin, birbirlerinden farklı davranışlar gösterdiği ve farklı ortamlardan kaynaklandığı söylenebilir.…”

Section: Konsantrasyon Ve Tanımlayıcı İstatistikunclassified

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Çok Değişkenli İstatistiksel Analizler ile Akkaya Gölü Rezervuar Topraklarındaki Ağır Metallerin Veri Analizi

Yalçın

2021

Turkish JAF Sci.Tech.

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Data analysis is important in determining the origin of heavy metals accumulated in reservoir areas of lakes built for irrigation and understanding their toxic effects around agricultural areas. The aim of the study is to determine the behaviors of the heavy metals detected, the relationships among them, and to explain the possible origin of these metals by using multivariate statistical analyzes in the chemical contents of the soils in the Akkaya Lake reservoir area. The abundance of chemical analysis contents is listed as Mg> Al> Fe> S> Ti> Zn> V> As> Cu> Ni> Pb> Co> Mo> Sn> Cd> Hg. There is a high positive correlation between Fe and Mg, Si, K, Co, V, Cu, As, Ni, Zn and Pb. According to factor analysis, the total variance is 72.080 (% cumulative), divided into 3 (tree) factors. There were 3 groups according to the hierarchical cluster analysis and 4 groups according to the cluster analysis of the elements. It is understood that these groups offer similar characteristics among themselves. Multivariate statistical analysis was successful for this study.

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“…In [1], it is stated that human activity had influenced the water resources over the last years and the world faced the critical water supply and drinking water quality problems. In addition, heavy metal analysis of water and sediments and related differences, anomalies, and toxic effects is quite remarkable [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The results of chemical analysis of surface waters create data for statistical analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data analysis of heavy metal content in riverwater: multivariate statistical analysis and inequality expressions

Leventeli

Yalçın

2021

J Inequal Appl

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The purpose of this paper is to use multivariate statistical methods with asymmetric distributions approach, chemical analysis, and inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) device. We investigate data of heavy metal content from Akcay Riverwater to the Mediterranean involving Finike sea coast at Turkey. We determine the chemical content, origin of heavy metals of the surface water in Akcay River, which flows into the Mediterranean realted to the above-mentioned region by multivariate statistical analysis, pollution indices, and density maps involving numerical comments by numbers. With the help of special numbers represented by special chemical components and simmetric statistical methods given above, in this paper, we obtain many new relations and results. Furhermore, we give some comments, observations, and remarks about the results of this paper. These results have a high potential to be used not only in engineering fields and health sciences, but also in applied mathematics, statistics, and other fields.

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Data Analysis of Beach Sands’ Chemical Analysis Using Multivariate Statistical Methods and Heavy Metal Distribution Maps: The Case of Moonlight Beach Sands, Kemer, Antalya, Turkey

Cited by 15 publications

References 59 publications

Baseline Study of Trace Element Concentrations in Sediments of the Intertidal Zone of Amazonian Oceanic Beaches

Baseline Study of Trace Element Concentrations in Sediments of the Intertidal Zone of Amazonian Oceanic Beaches

Çok Değişkenli İstatistiksel Analizler ile Akkaya Gölü Rezervuar Topraklarındaki Ağır Metallerin Veri Analizi

Data analysis of heavy metal content in riverwater: multivariate statistical analysis and inequality expressions

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