Das völkerrechtliche Werk von Georges Scelle im Frankreich der Zwischenkriegszeit

Wüst, Anja

doi:10.5771/9783845201993

Cited by 3 publications

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“…34 A primeira monografia a ostentar em seu título uma variante de constituição de direito internacional já havia aparecido após a Primeira Guerra Mundial, remetendo a uma ampla discussão travada durante a guerra (ver Verdross, 1926). Sobre a discussão alemã, ver Eberl (2007); sobre a discussão francesa da época, ver Wüst (2007); sobre os casos Kadi e Yusuf, ver Ley (2007), Möllers (2006a) e Halberstam (2010, p.18).…”

Section: Democracia Perdida?unclassified

Alguns problemas conceituais e estruturais do cosmopolitismo global

Brunkhorst¹

2011

Rev. bras. Ci. Soc.

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Section: Democracia Perdida?unclassified

Alguns problemas conceituais e estruturais do cosmopolitismo global

Brunkhorst¹

2011

Rev. bras. Ci. Soc.

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The European Court of Justice as the engine of integration: An actor-centered explanation

Höpner

2011

Berlin J Soziol

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shed light on the Court's room for manoevre. They have to be complemented by actor-centered explanations that shed light on the judges' motives of action. The explanation offered by the following paper is unfolded in two steps. In the first one, the article describes idiosyncrasies of the european law discourse that already shaped the judges before they were appointed. The analysis of the idiosyncrasies corresponds to a scepticism towards the idea of national sovereignty, a belief in the necessity of creative and idealist, law-augmenting judges and a dominance of output-oriented legitimization strategies. In a second step, the article shows that in the sociological sense the eCJ judges constitute a group. While the individual judges share an understanding of the aims and functions of european law, the group develops its own identity and grants status to those who perform successful actions with respect to the common integration agenda. This explanation is more realistic than "rational choice" explanations which point to the direct and personal benefits that judges derive from their pro-european case law. Keywords: european integration · Constitutional courts · Politics and law · Sociology of lawLa Cour de justice de l'Union européenne comme moteur de l'intégration européenne: une approche centrée sur les acteurs Résumé: depuis maintenant plus de cinq décennies, la Cour de justice de l'union européenne (CJue) se caractérise par une jurisprudence résolument pro-européenne ayant fait d'elle le »mo-teur de l'intégration européenne«. l'approche institutionnelle apporte des éclaircissements sur la marge de manoeuvre dont dispose la Cour. elle doit cependant être complétée par une approche centrée sur les acteurs en mesure d'apporter des éclaircissements sur les motivations présidant à l'action des juges. l'approche proposée est présentée en deux temps. dans un premier temps, nous mettons en évidence les spécificités du discours sur le droit européen dont les juges de la CJue sont imprégnés dès avant leur prise de fonction. Ce discours est marqué par le scepticisme à l'égard de l'idée de souveraineté nationale, la mise en avant de la figure du juriste créatif et idéaliste créateur de droit ainsi que la prédominance de modèles de légitimation orientés sur les outputs. dans un second temps, nous montrons que les juges de la CJue constituent un groupe au sens sociologique du terme et développent une identité de groupe intégrant cette préconception des missions et des fonctions du droit européen dans une conception de soi et récompensant les actions permettant d'atteindre les objectifs définis par cette préconception et cette conception de soi par la reconnaissance sociale. Cette approche apparaît mieux appropriée pour comprendre les motivations des juges de la CJue que les approches relevant de la théorie du »choix rationnel« pointant les profits directs personnels que les juges tirent du développement du droit dans un sens pro-européen. Mots-clés:Intégration européenne · Tribunaux constitutionnels · droit et politique · ...

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On the Notion, Concept and Contemporary Role of International Law in historical Perspective.

Muszyński

2022

Kwartalnik Prawa Międzynarodowego

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Summary The article discusses the essence of international law by focusing on three issues: (1) its origin; (2) its name and the normative content related thereto; (3) its role in the contemporary world. The author applies two research methods: the historical and legal method as well as the dogmatic one. The text has a three-part structure. The first part presents an analysis of the moment in which the legal regime emerged whose task was to regulate the functioning of socio-political subjects. At that point, the author analyses two main views expressed in scholarship. In his opinion one should depart from Grotius’ conception regarding the origin of international law. What is a sign of the existence of that legal regime is not the equality of subjects, but their very existence and consent to base their relations on certain rules (law). Equality constitutes just one – and not the only one possible – principle among the standards regulating relations of the subjects in a certain community. Hence, what is considered as the beginning of international law is the period during which the first socio-political constructions emerged, and not equal and sovereign states in the sense of the European civilisation. The second part deals with the moment in which the name – that is used to this day – of the said regime (international law) developed. The author reminds however that in reality the regime under discussion had existed earlier although its scope and name were different. He explains what normative content is related to each name of that regime and, at the same time, discusses the process concerning the structural and material evolution of international law. The whole is summarised with the conclusion that the name used today does not reflect the essence of that order. The evolution of its content would require another change in that regard. It is also indicated that such proposals have already been put forward in scholarship (transnational law, global law). To finish his considerations, the author reminds of the classic role of international law, which has been to regulate the functioning of the subjects belonging to that order. Against this background, he indicates that also nowadays this role is fading. International relations are evolving substantially, causing international law to lose its long-standing purpose and meaning. And although all this is changing, the order itself is not collapsing. This is the case because international law still has a stigmatising power – a unique force which does not allow to explicitly reject it. International law still provides politics with a certain framework of decency. Proving that a given country has violated norms of international law automatically depreciates it in the eyes of the international community. This may not only result in international sanctions but also in diminishing the position of such a country in the international community. Therefore, even the largest states never allow to be directly accused of breaching legal standards. As soon as their activity is criticised in light of a given norm, they immediately seek justification in other legal rules or create a complicated interpretation to reject the accusation. Sometimes they blame another subject to justify their conduct with self-defence or retortion. What makes this possible is the structurally complicated situation of international law, which is characterised by constant evolution.

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Das völkerrechtliche Werk von Georges Scelle im Frankreich der Zwischenkriegszeit

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Alguns problemas conceituais e estruturais do cosmopolitismo global

Alguns problemas conceituais e estruturais do cosmopolitismo global

The European Court of Justice as the engine of integration: An actor-centered explanation

On the Notion, Concept and Contemporary Role of International Law in historical Perspective.

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