Das Regierungssystem der Bundesrepublik Deutschland

The German federal president in the press: Public officeholder or private citizen?

“…In terms of protocol, the federal president is the most important national entity, but the lack of influence on policy makes the federal president the least important political entity in Germany (Hesse and Ellwein, 2004: 300). As head of state, the federal president represents Germany through public appearances, which include social and cultural events as well as visits to different communities in Germany and state visits abroad.…”

“…They lead by example, and, as a consequence, others aspire to their ideals. The presidential speech is the most important opportunity for the federal president to exercise soft power (Hesse and Ellwein, 2004: 305). The media, through live coverage and analysis, focus public attention on the speech, thus becoming complicit in the federal president’s exercise of soft power (Möller, 1999: 11).…”

Public Management und Leadership: Aus der Sicht der deutschen Ministerialverwaltung

“…Ministerialverwaltungen wird seitens der Wissenschaft vielfach eine unterentwickelte Führungskultur, gelegentlich sogar kaum vorhandene eigentliche Führungstätigkeit unterstellt (Hansmann 2007;Fisch 1997;Hesse, Ellwein 2004 34% 15% 11% 11% 7% 5% 5% 4% 3% 3% 43% 30% 39% 30% 24% 24% 18% 16% 21% 15% 17% 28% 27% 30% 28% 32% 25% 28% 36% 31% 6% 12% 13% 21% 28% 25% 30% 30% 24% 29% 2% 11% 8% 7% 9% 12% 18% 19% 11% 18% ert 4% 2% 3% 5% 3% 5% 5% 4% 5% 34% 15% 11% 11% 7% 5% 5% 4% 3% 3% 43% 30% 39% 30% 24% 24% 18% 16% 21% 15% 17% 28% 27% 30% 28% 32% 25% 28% 36% 31%...…”