Das Placeboproblem

Haas, H.; Fink, H.; Härtfelder, G.

doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-7035-1_5

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 174 publications

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“…At the end of 1960, Fleckenstein and Godfraind initiated experimental studies to alter calcium function in excitation-contraction coupling by pharmacological ligands in their laboratory. Haas and Hartfelder described verapamil in 1962 as a coronary vasodilator [3]. In 1967, Fleckenstein and Grun presented evidence that the vasodilating properties of verapamil were related to calcium antagonism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fused 1,4-Dihydropyridines as Potential Calcium Modulatory Compounds

Şafak¹,

Şimşek²

2006

MRMC

118

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1,4-Dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) derivatives nifedipine of which the prototype, are the most popular drugs having calcium antagonistic activity. Fused 1,4-dihydropyridines (DHPs) have also exhibit calcium modulatory activities. In this article, we emphasize calcium channels and fused 1,4-DHP derivatives affecting calcium channels. In addition, the basic considerations of synthesis, metabolism, structure-activity relationships and the latest developments on fused 1,4-DHP derivatives will be reviewed. This review also has extended examples of fused 1,4-DHP derivatives having cited activities synthesized by our group.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fused 1,4-Dihydropyridines as Potential Calcium Modulatory Compounds

Şafak¹,

Şimşek²

2006

MRMC

118

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“…In 1747, Lind was the first person to use a control medication. He wanted to demonstrate the efficacy of orange an d lemon juice in two scurvy sufferers by giving one patient a drink consisting of sea water and mustard and the other the "active treatment" [16]. In 1932, in his guide to methods of clinical research ["Methodenlehre der therapeutischen Untersuchung"], the founder of clinical pharmacology, Paul Martini, describes the use of dummy tablets (although without actually using the term "placebo" in this context) to objectify the effects of drugs in double-blind studies:…”

Section: History: Blind and Non-blind Use Of Placebos In Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Placebo - Efficacy and Adverse Effects in Controlled Clinical Trials

Weihrauch

Gauler

2011

Arzneimittelforschung

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Treatment with placebo is frequently effective and cannot therefore be considered as "non-treatment". Placebo effects can only be quantified by direct comparison with "non-treatment". Like active treatment, treatment with placebo is frequently accompanied by adverse drug reactions. Placebo adverse effects are often disease- and active treatment-specific. The effects and adverse effects of a placebo need to be known before the effects of active treatment in controlled clinical trials can be assessed. The mechanisms of placebo effects are many and varied (e.g. endorphin release, conditioning). Since the use of drugs without regard to evidence-based medicine (prescription of drugs without proven efficacy = pseudoplacebos) may clearly also result in serious adverse effects, such practice may not only be non-beneficial but may even be harmful.

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“…The ethical and legal premises for using placebo are discussed critically and in detail in the literature (Heimchen and Mül/er-Oerlinghausen 1978;Müller-Oerlinghausen 1983;Müller-Oerlinghausen and Herrmann 1981), and are not the topic of this re port. The purpose of this report is to discuss problems related to the use of traditional placebo-controlled designs in clinical drug trials, and to discuss possible solutions to these problems (Binz 1977;Boume 1971;Haas et al 1959;Michaelis 1982;Netter 1977;Piechowiak 1981;Schindel 1978;Schindel 1967).…”

Section: Placebo-control/ed Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%