The reaction of t BuCP with CS 2 (or its ylide type complexes such as R 3 PCS 2 (R ) Et, Ph, cyclohexyl), (C 5 H 10 N) 2 CCS 2 , or (C 4 H 8 NO) 2 CCS 2 ) gives a mixture of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-1-thia-2,4-diphosphole and 2,5-ditert-butyl-1-thia-3,4-diphosphole, which were characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The latter was also characterized by the single-crystal X-ray structure determination of its bis(platinum(II)) complex [(PtCl 2 PEt 3 ) 2 (µ-P 2 SC 2 t Bu 2 )]. This is the first structural characterization of a 1-thia-3,4-diphosphole ring. The mechanism of these reactions was explored by B3LYP/6-311+G** level quantum chemical calculations. The reaction pathway involves a phosphadithiolediylcarbene and its diphosphatetrathiafulvalene dimer as intermediates. Several other possible reaction pathways were ruled out.