Dampak Pariwisata Terhadap Kupu-Kupu di Taman Nasional Bantimurung Bulusaraung

Abstract

Butterflies have been prominently recognized as insect group of highly sensitive to anthropogenic disturbances. The aim of the research was to identify the effect of tourism activities to diversity and population of butterflies at Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park. The research was conducted by comparing the population size of butterflies at low human disturbance secondary forest and recreation area. The population of butterflies was collected using Pollard Walk transect method. Data was analyzed using Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou's evenness index, Simpson dominance index, Margalef species richness index, and Sorensen Similarity index. Mann-Whitney Test was used to test the differences between low human disturbance secondary forest and recreation area. The result showed that tourism activities bring negative impact on the butterfly communities. The value of dominance index on the recreation area was higher than on the low human disturbance secondary forest. The number of species, number of individuals, number of families and the value of Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Margalef species richness index and Pielou's evenness index on the low human disturbance secondary forest were higher than on the recreation area. Statistical analysis of Mann-Whitney Test showed that butterflies' population on the recreation area and on the low human disturbance secondary forest was statistically significant difference. Based on these findings, it is important to reorganize the recreation area and butterfly conservation management, spread the information about national wildlife protection law, enforce the law, increases the number of butterfly's breeder and increases the public awareness to maintain the sustainability of butterfly population.

The Diversity of Butterflies (Lepidoptera) in the Aik Bukak Tourism Park Area

“…Hal tersebut dikarenakan pada jalur ini sudah adanya beberapa aktivitas manusia seperti dijadikannya sebagai tempat parkir dan loket pembelian tiket. Hal ini sejalan dengan pernyataan yang dikemukakan oleh Putri (2016) bahwa kupu-kupu merupakan serangga yang peka terhadap gangguan atau kegiatan oleh manusia. Sehingga ketika manusia melakukan suatu aktivitas atau kegiatan maka kupu-kupu akan cenderung menghindar dari tempat tersebut.…”

Sociopsychological Aspects of Butterfly Souvenir Purchasing Behavior at Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park in Indonesia

“…To meet the excessive demands for butterfly souvenirs resulting from the rapid increase in the number of tourists, the local community has gradually come to exploit more butterflies in the forests and surrounding settlements of Babul NP than ever before. Putri [32] stated that there are differences in the number and species of butterflies between areas where forests are subjected to the pressure of butterfly catchers compared to regions where they are not. Putri [33] suspects that the exploitation of butterflies by the community to make souvenirs is the main cause of the butterfly population's decline at Babul NP.…”

Abundance assessment of Sulawesi Banded Swallowtail, Papilio gigon gigon and availability of resource plants in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

“…It was assumed that this was due to a high level of butterfly hunting activity in Leang-leang as shown by the frequencies of hunting activities during the observation days. Direct hunting and harvesting of butterflies occurred in the buffer zone of Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park (Muhammadiyah 2014) to meet the demands of visitors for souvenirs and handicrafts (Putri 2016b;Ansari et al 2019). Therefore, tourism development indirectly has also affected butterfly habitats and populations by limiting the abundance of food plants and disturbing the butterfly's home range.…”

“…Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park in Maros (South Sulawesi) is known as the Kingdom of Butterfly (Handayani and Ismail 2019) and is also a habitat of P. gigon gigon. The P. gigon gigon in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park is also inseparable from threats such as hunting, trade, and forest degradation (Putri 2016b;Aminah et al 2020). Until now, not many studies have been conducted regarding P. gigon gigon.…”