Damaging Effects of Lyticase on Candida albicans and Changes in the Response of Rat Alveolar Macrophages to the Contact with Yeast-Like Fungi

Ia, Morozov; Sachivkina, Nadezhda; Кравцов, Э. Г.; Vasilyeva, Е. А.; Anokhina, I. V.; Yashina, N. V.; Далин, М. В.

doi:10.1007/s10517-011-1421-x

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In the tables, this is indicated as five days (experience and control), and then 10 and 15 days. Prior to euthanasia, blood samples were taken via the axillary vein in all birds and were examined histopathologically ( Figure 1 b) [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction in Pathogenicity in Yeast-like Fungi by Farnesol in Quail Model

Sachivkina

Vasilieva

Lenchenko

et al. 2022

Animals

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Candida albicans was the first eukaryotic microorganism to exhibit quorum-sensing through the secretion of the sesquiterpene E, farnesol. This molecule is generated by dephosphorylation of farnesyl pyrophosphate in the mevalonate biosynthetic pathway in mammalian and yeast cells. Exogenous farnesol inhibits yeast-to-hyphal formation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner at the earliest stage of hyphal development. Much research has been devoted to studying the role of farnesol as an inhibitor of hyphal morphogenesis; however, little research has been published regarding the in vivo impacts of farnesol on fungal virulence and the development of Candida infection. While other studies have examined the impact of multiple doses of farnesol in addition to antimycotics, we hypothesize that C. albicans treated with a single dose of this quorum-sensing molecule could reduce fungal virulence in a quail model.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction in Pathogenicity in Yeast-like Fungi by Farnesol in Quail Model

Sachivkina

Vasilieva

Lenchenko

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…The dye was eluted using 200 μL of 96% ethanol for 30 min. The results were obtained using a photometric analyzer of enzyme immunoassay reactions AIFR-01 UNIPLAN (Picon, Russia) at an optical density (OD) wavelength of 450 nm [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological characteristics of Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida guilliermondii, and Candida glabrata biofilms, and response to farnesol

Sachivkina

Podoprigora

2021

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Different Candida species isolated in humans and animals have different types of parasite activity. The most pathogenic species is Candida albicans followed by Candida tropicalis. However, the effects of the morphology of Candida krusei, Candida guilliermondii, and Candida glabrata biofilms on the pathogenicity of these species have not been fully characterized. To the best of our knowledge, there is no literature on the effect of farnesol on rare Candida species. This study aimed to check the effect of different farnesol concentrations on the species C. krusei, C. guilliermondii, and C. glabrata compared with the strain C. albicans ATCC 10231, which has been widely studied, and is a strong producer of biofilms. Materials and Methods: We studied the morphological and densitometric parameters of biofilms produced by Candida species under the influence of the drug farnesol (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO). We used a heart brain broth with the addition of 2% bovine blood serum in 96-well plates. To each well, we added 100 μL of C. albicans, C. krusei, C. guilliermondii, or C. glabrata culture, and 0.2-400 μM farnesol. The microliter plates were cultured with the lid closed at 37°C for 48 h. Then, the liquid was removed, and the wells were washed 3 times with 200 μL phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.3). Biofilm fixation was performed using 150 μL of 96% ethanol for 15 min. Then, the microliter plates were dried for 20 min at 37°C, a 0.5% solution of crystalline violet was added, and the plates were placed in an incubator at 37°C. After 5 min, the contents of the wells were removed, washed 3 times with 200 μL of phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.2), and dried. The dye was extracted by washing with 200 μL of 96% ethanol for 30 min. The results were obtained using a photometric analyzer of enzyme immunoassay reactions at an optical density (OD) wavelength of 450 nm. Results: All of Candida spp. strains tested were susceptible to farnesol at concentrations ranging from 0.8 to 400 μM for C. albicans, C. krusei, and C. guilliermondii, and 12.5 to 400 μM for C. glabrata. Conclusion: This study provides new insights into the use of farnesol against biofilms produced by Candida species, but further studies in vivo are necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the reduction of OD. To the best of our knowledge, the antimicrobial activity of farnesol against C. krusei, C. guilliermondii, and C. glabrata has not been reported previously, although studies have confirmed the inhibitory effect of farnesol on the growth of different microorganisms.

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“…The destruction of the cell wall and the extraction of C. albicans DNA are 90 min faster when exposed to recombinant lyticase, and this can be accomplished with mechanical disruption using glass beads [18,19]. Lyticase caused a decrease in OD to 53.0%, a decrease in adhesion to epithelial cells, and an inhibition of mycelial growth [20,21]. Xylitol (10.0%) and sodium alginate (4.16%) suppressed the virulence of C. albicans by preventing the formation of hyphal forms and by reducing biofilm density to 47.0-52.0% [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of farnesol and lyticase on the formation of Candida albicans biofilm

et al. 2020

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Background and Aim: Candida albicans is a dimorphic fungus that has both yeast and filamentous forms. It is part of the normal flora in the oral and genital areas of mammals. One factor for the pathogenicity of C. albicans is its ability to switch from yeast to hyphae. The hyphal form adheres and penetrates tissues more readily than the yeast form and produces biofilms that are associated with chronic infection. Biofilms are protective niches that enable microorganisms to be more resistant to antibiotic treatment, thus allowing for persistent infection. The first stage in the transition from yeast to hyphae involves the formation of a germ tube, and this transition is triggered by interactions with host cells. Germ tube formation is dependent on serum, pH, temperature, and quorum-sensing molecules (QSMs). Farnesol, which is a QSM in C. albicans, can prevent yeast to hyphae conversion and inhibits the growth of fungal biofilm. Lyticase is a synergistic enzyme complex that catalyzes yeast cell lysis by β-1,3-glucanase and is a highly specific alkaline protease that produces protoplasts or spheroplasts. This study investigated the effect of farnesol and lyticase on the formation of C. albicans biofilms. Materials and Methods: C. albicans ATCC 2091 was cultivated on liquid and solid Sabouraud media. The presence of C. albicans was confirmed using HiCrome Candida Agar chromogenic medium. Enzyme activities were assayed using a HiCandida Identification Kit. The morphology and densitometry parameters of C. albicans biofilms were considered in the presence of farnesol (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany), lyticase (from Arthrobacter luteus; Sigma-Aldrich, Germany), and farnesol–lyticase. Results: This study shows that both farnesol and lyticase possess antifungal activity against C. albicans biofilms. A significant difference among treatment groups (p<0.05) was observed from strong biofilm production to medium and weak. Conclusion: Many studies have been devoted to the antimicrobial action of farnesol. Bacterial enzyme lyticase is also used to degrade fungal cell walls. Both molecules show substantial antifungal properties that are similar to the properties of modern antimycotics. The current study demonstrates that farnesol and lyticase can disrupt biofilm formation in C. albicans ATCC 2091, which is an effective biofilm producer.

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Damaging Effects of Lyticase on Candida albicans and Changes in the Response of Rat Alveolar Macrophages to the Contact with Yeast-Like Fungi

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Reduction in Pathogenicity in Yeast-like Fungi by Farnesol in Quail Model

Reduction in Pathogenicity in Yeast-like Fungi by Farnesol in Quail Model

Morphological characteristics of Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida guilliermondii, and Candida glabrata biofilms, and response to farnesol

Effects of farnesol and lyticase on the formation of Candida albicans biofilm

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