Damage of photoreceptor membrane lipids and proteins induced by photosensitized generation of singlet oxygen

Shvedova, Anna A.; Алексеева, О. В.; Kuliev, I. Ya.; Muranov, Konstantin O.; Kozlov, Yu.P.; Kagan, V. E.

doi:10.3109/02713688209019997

Cited by 33 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In hyperoxia, such as might occur during oxygen supplementation protocols (mechanical ventilation) administered to premature infants to overcome respiratory insufficiency, the retinal vasculature constricts comparably in the newborn and adult (9,25,34,35,37,38). However, compared with those in the adult, vessels of the choroid in the newborn do not constrict in hyperoxia.…”

Section: Regulation Of Ocular Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The incomplete reduction of oxygen, largely by complex III of oxidative phosphorylation, leads to the generation of ROS (45). In addition, the retina contains numerous molecular photosensitizers that generate free radicals upon excitation (46)(47)(48). In contrast to adults, there is more free iron in the neural tissue of newborns to catalyze oxidizing reactions (49,50).…”

Section: Vasoobliterationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…to high perinatal levels of prostaglandins (such as PGD 2 and PGE 2 ) and NO that profoundly influence vasomotor tone and override the autoregulatory response (27,(38)(39)(40)42) (Figure 3).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Retinopathy of prematurity: understanding ischemic retinal vasculopathies at an extreme of life

Sapieha¹,

Joyal²,

Rivera³

et al. 2010

J. Clin. Invest.

217

226

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Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a major complication of preterm birth. It encompasses a spectrum of pathologies that affect vision, from mild disease that resolves spontaneously to severe disease that causes retinal detachment and subsequent blindness. The pathologies are characterized by an arrest in normal retinal vascular development associated with microvascular degeneration. The resulting ischemia and retinal hypoxia lead to excessive abnormal compensatory blood vessel growth. However, this neovascularization can lead to fibrous scar formation and culminate in retinal detachment. Present therapeutic modalities to limit the adverse consequences of aberrant neovascularization are invasive and/or tissue-destructive. In this Review, we discuss current concepts on retinal microvascular degeneration, neovascularization, and available treatments, as well as present future perspectives toward more profound elucidation of the pathogenesis of ROP.Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the major ocular disorder of the neonate (1, 2) and the dominant cause of severe visual impairment in childhood in North America and Europe. ROP is associated with significant sequelae, the most serious being retinal detachment, which results in blindness. However, even milder forms of ROP increase the incidence of pathologies that negatively impact visual acuity, for example, ametropias, refractive errors that reduce visual acuity; strabismus, a condition in which the eyes are not properly aligned, preventing proper binocular vision and adversely affecting depth perception; and disorders of color discrimination (3-6). ROP proceeds following an initial phase of degeneration of the retinal microvasculature (vasoobliteration) (7,8) (Figure 1) that is associated with cessation of progression of vascular growth toward the retinal periphery. In the subsequent phase of the disease, the ensuing retinal ischemia predisposes to abnormal compensatory neovascularization (9, 10). Of the various factors that have been associated with the development of ROP, low birth weight, low gestational age, supplemental oxygen therapy, and its associated relative hyperoxia dominate.The development of the human retinal vasculature commences at approximately the 16th week of gestation and concludes at term (i.e., the 40th week of gestation) (11). Hence, when an infant is born prematurely, its retinal blood supply is incomplete and highly vulnerable to decay. This immaturity in vascular development predisposes the retina to complications. Major advances have been made over the past 30 years in identifying mechanisms implicated in the genesis of ROP. Comprehension of mechanisms underlying this disorder has, in turn, enhanced understanding of the pathogenesis of ischemic retinal vasculopathies in the adult, for example, diabetic retinopathy (a complication of diabetes mellitus) and neovascular forms of age-related macular degeneration (the major cause of visual impairment in adults over 50 years of age).The oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model of ischemic retinop...

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Section: Regulation Of Ocular Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Vasoobliterationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retinopathy of prematurity: understanding ischemic retinal vasculopathies at an extreme of life

Sapieha¹,

Joyal²,

Rivera³

et al. 2010

J. Clin. Invest.

217

226

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“…Retinal cells, in particular the photoreceptors, contain high concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids [9,20,36] and high levels of vitamin A (ªretinolº), which is susceptible to oxidation [15]. Combined with the permanent exposure of the eye to ultraviolet light [6,22,32], this environment favors the formation of reactive oxygen species. The vulnerability of the retina has been confirmed in experimental animals fed on a vitamin E-deficient diet; these animals exhibited severe morphological changes in the retinal pigment epithelium, such as cellular shrinkage, membrane disruption, mitochondrial abnormalities and the accumulation of lysosomes and lipofuscin [12,27,41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CuZn superoxide dismutase transgenic retinal transplants

Grasbon

Grasbon-Frodl

Juliusson

et al. 1999

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

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“…The eye is at high risk to damage from free radicals generated by photoexcitation [30,31]. The eye has also developed exten sive defenses against toxic oxygen products (a variety of antioxidant enzymes, high lev els of ascorbate, glutathione, vitamin E and high concentrations of bioflavinoids) [32,37], The antioxidant defenses of the eye ap pear to provide a unique milieu for the de velopment of acute inflammation, which along with the immunologic privilege confer red by the absence of lymphatics [38] sug gests that phlogistic responses of the eye may be modulated by mechanisms that may not be as prominent in other tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%