Damage Detection in Composite Materials by Flexural Dynamic Excitation and Accelerometer-Based Acquisition

Loi, Gabriela; Uras, Nicola; Porcu, Maria Cristina; Aymerich, Francesco

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/1214/1/012007

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Although the pioneering work in the field dates to the 1970s [13,14], nonlinear acoustic methods, which rely upon the extraction and the analysis of specific features of the system response, have gained increasing interest over the past few decades because of their higher sensitivity to small, localized damage in comparison to linear techniques. Application examples include the Scaling Subtraction Method (SSM) [15,16], higher harmonic generation [17,18], resonance spectra [19], frequency mixing [20], modulation analysis [21][22][23][24][25]. In particular, the damage detection approach based on the Vibro-Acoustic Modulation (VAM), also referred to as Nonlinear Elastic Wave Spectroscopy (NEWS) [20] exploits the vibroacoustic interaction between two impinging waves (namely, the pump and the probe waves) concurrently applied to the inspected system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibro-Acoustic Modulation with broadband pump excitation for efficient impact damage detection in composite materials

Loi

Marongiu

Porcu

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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In the past few decades, the need for efficient and reliable Structural Health Monitoring strategies has led to the development of several approaches for damage detection and characterization purposes. Among them, the Nonlinear Vibro-Acoustic Modulation (VAM) exploits the modulation arising from the interaction of two concurrently applied driving waves, namely the probe and the pump excitations, in the presence of nonlinear scatters such as cracks and defects. Therefore, the VAM provides information on the emergence of internal damage by extracting the nonlinear modulated components of the response of a damaged system. Originally proposed for granular media, the method has shown to be effective in detecting the presence of defects also in metals and composite materials. Nonetheless, its efficacy is highly affected by the excitation frequencies, which are usually chosen among the system resonances. The need for a preliminary modal analysis and, at once, the risk of selecting pump-probe frequency combinations with low sensitivity to damage may make the procedure time-consuming and not fully reliable, preventing the VAM technique from being widely accepted as a robust monitoring tool. To overcome these limitations, a broadband excitation may be used. This study assesses the effectiveness of the VAM technique when a combination of a frequency-swept pump excitation and a mono-harmonic probe wave is applied to drive the sample. Experimental tests were conducted on a composite laminated beam mounted on an electrodynamic shaker and tested in both pristine and damaged conditions. Low-profile surface-bonded piezoceramic transducers were used for both probe excitation and sensing. Barely visible impact damage (BVID) was introduced in the composite beam to examine the potential of the approach for the detection of very small, localized damage. The results show that the use of VAM with a broadband low-frequency excitation may be an effective option for identifying nonlinearities associated with typical damage occurring in composite structures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibro-Acoustic Modulation with broadband pump excitation for efficient impact damage detection in composite materials

Loi

Marongiu

Porcu

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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“…Among the non-linear techniques, the vibro-acoustic modulation (VAM) has gained increased attention in the last few decades because of its sensitivity to different types of damage in various classes of materials [7,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The VAM technique is based on the simultaneous introduction in a component so that it can be monitored at a low-frequency wave (pump excitation) and a high-frequency wave (probe excitation).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Sensor Position and Low-Frequency Modal Shape on the Sensitivity of Vibro-Acoustic Modulation for Impact Damage Detection in Composite Materials

2022

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Very sensitive structural health monitoring methods are needed to detect barely visible impact damage in composite materials. Based on extracting non-linear modulated components from the frequency response of the damaged system, vibro-acoustic modulation (VAM) has shown to be effective in identifying the presence of damage at its early stage. A decisive role in the success of this technique is played by the choice of the high-frequency probe and the low-frequency pump sinusoidal signals that simultaneously excites the system. This study explores how the position of the sensing transducer, with respect to the modal shape of the pump excitation, may influence the sensitivity of the VAM technique for impact damage detection in composite laminates. This aspect has been scarcely investigated in previous research works, as other studies have focused more on the role of the probe frequency. Here, VAM tests were performed on a composite beam by using a frequency-swept pump vibration simultaneously with a high frequency probe excitation. The results of the experimental tests indicate that the VAM technique is capable of clearly revealing the presence of impact damage only when the sensor is placed on appropriate locations, which are directly related to the shape of the deformation activated by the applied excitation. These results suggest the adoption of low frequency excitations that activate multiple modal shapes to improve the effectiveness and reliability of VAM approaches.

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Experimental Linear and Nonlinear Vibration Methods for the Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of Polymer-Matrix Composites (PMCs): A Literature Review

Dolbachian,

Harizi,

Aboura

2024

Vibration

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The goal of this article is to provide a review of the experimental techniques and procedures using vibration methods for the Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of Polymer-Matrix Composites (PMCs). It aims to be a guide for any researchers to carry out vibration experiments. The linear methods are first introduced. But, as PMC is a complex material, these classic methods show some limits, such as low accuracy for small damages and a high environmental dependency. This is why the nonlinear methods are secondly studied, considering that the complexity of PMCs induces a nonlinear behavior of the structure after damage occurrence. The different damage mechanisms are well-explained in order to evaluate the potential of each vibration method to detect them.

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Damage Detection in Composite Materials by Flexural Dynamic Excitation and Accelerometer-Based Acquisition

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Vibro-Acoustic Modulation with broadband pump excitation for efficient impact damage detection in composite materials

Vibro-Acoustic Modulation with broadband pump excitation for efficient impact damage detection in composite materials

Influence of Sensor Position and Low-Frequency Modal Shape on the Sensitivity of Vibro-Acoustic Modulation for Impact Damage Detection in Composite Materials

Experimental Linear and Nonlinear Vibration Methods for the Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of Polymer-Matrix Composites (PMCs): A Literature Review

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