Dairy calf housing systems across Europe and risk for calf infectious diseases

Marcé, Clara; Guatteo, Raphaël R.; Bareille, Nathalie N.; Fourichon, Christine

doi:10.1017/s1751731110000650

Cited by 74 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Rotavirus, coronavirus, Cryptosporidium parvum, and Clostridium perfringens are also associated with NCD, particularly following the first week of birth [5]. Also, the status of the animals, management procedures, and environmental conditions are all together risk factors that would increase the incidence of NCD [2,4]. Hence, the presence of F5, F17, and CS31A genes alone, regardless of the management factors and the presence of other pathogens mentioned above, do not necessarily determine the occurrence of NCD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, there is a remarkable interest to promote production efficiency by improving productive intensive systems. However, these systems have disadvantages such as animal stress and inadequate sanitary conditions, among other factors, that favor the rapid spread of diseases caused by microorganisms [2][3][4]. Therefore, NCD generates substantial economic losses every year all over the world as a result of increased morbidity and mortality rates [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Escherichia coli adhesion-related genes in neonatal calf diarrhea in Uruguay

Umpiérrez

Acquistapace²,

Fernández³

et al. 2016

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD), one of the most important diseases of neonatal dairy and beef calves in Uruguay, has become relevant in association with intensive systems. This disease generates substantial economic losses every year worldwide as a result of increased morbidity and mortality. Escherichia coli, one of the pathogens associated with NCD, can express several fimbrial and afimbrial adhesins. The objective of this study was to assess the presence of clpG, f5, f17A, f17G(II), and f17G(I) genes that encode three important adhesins expressed in diarrheagenic E. coli: F5, F17 and CS31A, isolated from feces of calves in Uruguay. Methodology: Feces of 86 (70 diarrheic and 16 healthy) calves, from 15 animal facilities in Uruguay, were collected between 2012 and 2013. Biochemical and molecular identification were performed to finally obtain 298 E. coli isolates. Partial amplification of adhesion-related genes was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Results: The most prevalent gene was f17A (31.2%), followed by f17G(II), clpG, f17G(I) and f5 (25.8%, 17.5%, 3.7% and 0.7%, respectively). All genes were present in diarrheic and healthy animals except f5 and f17G(I); these genes were present only in affected calves, although in low numbers. Conclusions: This is the first report of the presence of F5, F17, and CS31A genes in E. coli strains from NCD cases in Uruguay. Prevalence values of the genes, except f5, were in accordance with regional findings. It is expected that further characterization of locally transmitted strains will contribute to control a problem of regional and international magnitude.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Escherichia coli adhesion-related genes in neonatal calf diarrhea in Uruguay

Umpiérrez

Acquistapace²,

Fernández³

et al. 2016

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…Housing calves with a difference in age of more than 8 weeks together in the same group increased the risk of respiratory disease compared with having pen mates of a more similar age (Gulliksen et al, 2009b At the same time, however, group housing of calves, especially young animals, is generally identified as a risk factor for enteric and respiratory infectious diseases (Gulliksen et al, 2009a;Marcé et al, 2010;Lorenz et al, 2011;Brscic et al, 2012). Thus, it is usually advised to house calves in individual pens for several weeks after birth before moving them to collective pens (e.g.…”

Section: Recent Findings Regarding Contacts With the Other Calvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it is usually advised to house calves in individual pens for several weeks after birth before moving them to collective pens (e.g. Marcé et al, 2010). Individual housing prior to group-housing is also widely practised in veal production systems in Europe.…”

Section: Recent Findings Regarding Contacts With the Other Calvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the welfare of cattle kept for beef production and the welfare in intensive calf farming systems

2012

EFSA Journal

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Information given in previous Opinions "Welfare of cattle kept for beef production" (SCAHAW, 2001) and "The risks of poor welfare in intensive calf farming systems" (EFSA, 2006) is updated and recent scientific evidence on the topics reviewed. Risks of poor welfare are identified using a structured analysis, and issues not identified in the SCAHAW (2001) beef Opinion, especially effects of housing and management on enteric and respiratory diseases are reviewed. The Opinion covers all systems of beef production, although the welfare of suckler cows or breeding bulls is not considered. The Chapter on beef cattle presents new evidence and recommendations in relation to heat and cold stress, mutilations and pain management, digestive disorders linked to high concentrate feeds and respiratory disorders linked to overstocking, inadequate ventilation, mixing of animals and failure of early diagnosis and treatment. Major welfare problems in cattle kept for beef production, as identified by risk assessment, were respiratory diseases linked to overstocking, inadequate ventilation, mixing of animals and failure of early diagnosis and treatment, digestive disorders linked to intensive concentrate feeding, lack of physically effective fibre in the diet, and behavioural disorders linked to inadequate floor space, and co-mingling in the feedlot. Major hazards for white veal calves were considered to be iron-deficiency anaemia, a direct consequence of dietary iron restriction, enteric diseases linked to high intakes of liquid feed and inadequate intake of physically effective fibre, discomfort and behavioural disorders linked to inadequate floors and floor space. © European Food Safety Authority, 2012 KEY WORDSBeef cattle welfare, welfare of calves in intensive farming systems, risk assessment, updates. SUMMARYFollowing a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW) was asked to deliver a Scientific Opinion on the welfare of cattle kept for beef production and of calves in intensive farming systems.The European Commission is in the process of evaluating the European Union policy on animal welfare, taking account of socio-economic and trade issues. The overall aim is to improve the welfare of animals. To this end, the Commission requested EFSA to give an independent view on animalbased measures for the assessment of welfare in cattle, pigs and poultry. Before starting this work for beef cattle and calves, the Commission requested an update of scientific evidence relating to the welfare of cattle kept for beef production and calves in intensive farming systems; in particular, to consider the extent to which the conclusions and recommendations of two previous Scientific Opinions were still valid. These Opinions were the "Welfare of cattle kept for beef production" (SCAHAW, 2001) and "The risks of poor welfare in intensive calf farming systems" (EFSA, 2006).The SCAHAW (2001) Opinion "The Welfare of Cattle kept for Beef Production" differed from EFSA Opinions, in that it did not includ...

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“…European Union regulations now set a maximal age limit (eight weeks) for raising calves in individual pens and the necessity for calves to have social contact with other animals (Council Directive 91/629/EEC and Council Directive 97/2/EC) (Marcé et al 2010). Individual outdoor hutches should provide good health, growth and gain for the reared calves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the design of housing systems for calves on the microclimatic conditions of the rearing environment

et al. 2013

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The objective of this study was to compare microclimatic conditions in three different housing systems designed for calf rearing -individual wooden hutches, individual tarpaulin hutches and individual pens under shelter -and to evaluate the thermal comfort of calves reared in these systems. Air temperature, relative air humidity and the rectal temperature of calves (n=324) were measured in the hutches and pens during three consecutive years. The hypothesis that the climatic conditions of different housing system designs used in calf rearing affect the thermal comfort of calves was confirmed, as the design of the individual housing systems affected microclimatic conditions and subsequently the rectal temperature of the housed calves as well. Statistically significant differences (P<0.05) were found between the shelter and individual outdoor calf hutches in relation to the measured parameters. In the summer, the shelter showed a significantly (P<0.05) lower air temperature and significantly higher level of both relative air humidity and calf rectal temperature. These significantly higher rectal temperatures in both summer and in transitional periods (from March to June and from September to December) can be explained by microclimatic conditions and specifically by the combination of air temperature and the highest relative humidity that caused less comfortable microclimatic conditions for calves. The high relative humidity is probably caused by inadequate ventilation under the shelter. Therefore, new technology of calf housing under shelter could be recommended as suitable housing only if adequate ventilation is provided.

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Dairy calf housing systems across Europe and risk for calf infectious diseases

Cited by 74 publications

References 23 publications

Prevalence of Escherichia coli adhesion-related genes in neonatal calf diarrhea in Uruguay

Prevalence of Escherichia coli adhesion-related genes in neonatal calf diarrhea in Uruguay

Scientific Opinion on the welfare of cattle kept for beef production and the welfare in intensive calf farming systems

The effect of the design of housing systems for calves on the microclimatic conditions of the rearing environment

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